Species diversity and distribution within the deep-sea nematode genus Acantholaimus on the continental shelf and slope in Antarctica

Mesel, Ilse De; Lee, Hee Joong; Vanhove, S.; Vincx, Magda; Vanreusel, Ann

doi:10.1007/s00300-006-0124-7

Cited by 54 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Acantholaimus and Thalassomonhystera consisted of 33 and 23 morphotypes, respectively. Mesel et al (2006) reported high numbers of species from the genus Acantholaimus at an Antarctic slope site (Mesel et al 2006). The same is true for our samples: 30 morphotypes of this genus had been found at depths greater that 1 km.…”

Section: Nematode Assemblagesmentioning

confidence: 97%

Deep-sea nematode assemblages of the Clarion-Clipperton Nodule Province (Tropical North-Eastern Pacific)

et al. 2009

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The deep-sea nematode assemblages of the French mining claim area in the Clarion-Clipperton Nodule Province (the Northeastern Pacific Basin, 14°N, 130°W, depth 4,947-5,046 m) were studied at species, genus and family levels. Material was obtained using multicorers and box corers. In total, 2,174 individuals from 14 stations and 21 samples were examined. The nematode assemblages from the nodule-bearing (NB) part of the sampling area differed significantly from those at the nodule-free (NN) section. The average nematode density was 103 inds/10 cm 2 . The average nematode densities in the NB and NN parts were 69 inds/10 cm 2 and 137 inds/10 cm 2 respectively. Altogether, at least 325 putative species, 97 valid genera and 33 valid families were found. The real number of nematode species for the sampling area was estimated at about 510. The richest genera were Acantholaimus (33 putative species) and Thalassomonhystera (23 putative species). The proportions of juveniles, males and females among nematode individuals were about 44%, 23% and 33% respectively. About 2/3 of all nematodes were deposit-feeders and around 1/3 were epistrate-feeders. The nematode assemblage of the studied area may be considered to be a Theristus discolensisThalassomonhystera sp.3 assemblage with variation of the dominant species. The dominant species at the NN site were Theristus discolensis (12.2%) and Thalassomonhystera sp. 3 (5.3%). In contrast, at the NB site, Thalassomonhystera sp. 3 was most abundant (14.1%), followed by T. discolensis (6.2%). At genus level, Thalassomonhystera (17.9%), Theristus (13.0%) and Acantholaimus (12.8%) dominated at the NN site, whereas the abundance of Theristus was half of that (6.4%) at the NB site. The most dominant families at the NN and NB sites were Xyalidae (28.1% and 16.6%, respectively), Monhysteridae (17.9% and 25.3%) and Chromadoridae (16.2% and 22.5%).

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Section: Nematode Assemblagesmentioning

confidence: 97%

Deep-sea nematode assemblages of the Clarion-Clipperton Nodule Province (Tropical North-Eastern Pacific)

et al. 2009

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“…Nematodes have been shown to dominate polar metazoan meiofauna (Heip et al 1985;Vanhove et al 1995Vanhove et al , 1998Vanhove et al , 1999Vanhove et al , 2004Fabiano and Danovaro 1999;Lee et al 2001;De Mesel et al 2006;Ingels et al 2006;Ingole and Singh 2010;Vanreusel et al 2000;Hauquier et al 2015). In the Southern Ocean, some species might be limited to certain regions or depths, while others may have circum-Antarctic and eurybathic distributions ).…”

Section: Meiofauna From Polar Ecosystemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of meiofauna in extreme marine ecosystems: a review

et al. 2017

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Extreme marine environments cover more than 50% of the Earth's surface and offer many opportunities for investigating the biological responses and adaptations of organisms to stressful life conditions. Extreme marine environments are sometimes associated with ephemeral and unstable ecosystems, but can host abundant, often endemic and welladapted meiofaunal species. In this review, we present an integrated view of the biodiversity, ecology and physiological responses of marine meiofauna inhabiting several extreme marine environments (mangroves, submarine caves, Polar ecosystems, hypersaline areas, hypoxic/anoxic environments, hydrothermal vents, cold seeps, carcasses/sunken woods, deep-sea canyons, deep hypersaline anoxic basins [DHABs] and hadal zones). Foraminiferans, nematodes and copepods are abundant in almost all of these habitats and are dominant in deep-sea ecosystems. The presence and dominance of some other taxa that are normally less common may be typical of certain extreme conditions. Kinorhynchs are particularly well adapted to cold seeps and other environments that experience drastic changes in salinity, rotifers are well represented in polar ecosystems and loriciferans seem to be the only metazoan able to survive multiple stressors in DHABs. As well as natural processes, human activities may generate stressful conditions, including deoxygenation, acidification and rises in temperature. The behaviour and physiology of different meiofaunal taxa, such as some foraminiferans, nematode and copepod species, can provide vital information on how organisms may respond to these challenges and can provide a warning signal of anthropogenic impacts. From an evolutionary perspective, the discovery of new meiofauna taxa from extreme environments very often sheds light on phylogenetic relationships, while understanding how meiofaunal organisms are able to survive or even flourish in these conditions can explain evolutionary pathways. Finally, there are multiple potential economic benefits to be gained from ecological, biological, physiological and evolutionary studies of meiofauna in extreme environments. Despite all the advantages offered by meiofauna studies from extreme environments, there is still an urgent need to foster meiofauna research in terms of composition, ecology, biology and physiology focusing on extreme environments.

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“…Nematodes are the most abundant taxon. Their distribution is patchy at small spatial scales (Vanhove et al 1995(Vanhove et al , 1999, species diversity is usually high (Vermeeren et al 2004;De Mesel et al 2006;Ingels et al 2006), and nematode abundances in deep Antarctic waters tend to be highest in the surface layer of the sediment, decreasing rapidly with sediment as well as with water depth (Vanhove et al 1998). These elements suggest a strong dependence of Antarctic deep-water meiofauna on food availability (Vanhove et al 1995(Vanhove et al , 2000.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Carbon sources of Antarctic nematodes as revealed by natural carbon isotope ratios and a pulse-chase experiment

et al. 2007

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d13 C of nematode communities in 27 sites was analyzed, spanning a large depth range (from 130 to 2,021 m) in five Antarctic regions, and compared to isotopic signatures of sediment organic matter. Sediment organic matter d 13 C ranged from -24.4 to -21.9& without significant differences between regions, substrate types or depths. Nematode d 13C showed a larger range, from -34.6 to -19.3&, and was more depleted than sediment organic matter typically by 1& and by up to 3& in silty substrata. These, and the isotopically heavy meiofauna at some stations, suggest substantial selectivity of some meiofauna for specific components of the sedimenting plankton. However, 13 C-depletion in lipids and a potential contribution of chemoautotrophic carbon in the diet of the abundant genus Sabatieria may confound this interpretation. Carbon sources for Antarctic nematodes were also explored by means of an experiment in which the fate of a fresh pulse of labile carbon to the benthos was followed. This organic carbon was remineralized at a rate (11-20 mg C m -2 day -1 ) comparable to mineralization rates in continental slope sediments. There was no lag between sedimentation and mineralization; uptake by nematodes, however, did show such a lag. Nematodes contributed negligibly to benthic carbon mineralization.

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Species diversity and distribution within the deep-sea nematode genus Acantholaimus on the continental shelf and slope in Antarctica

Cited by 54 publications

References 25 publications

Deep-sea nematode assemblages of the Clarion-Clipperton Nodule Province (Tropical North-Eastern Pacific)

Deep-sea nematode assemblages of the Clarion-Clipperton Nodule Province (Tropical North-Eastern Pacific)

Characteristics of meiofauna in extreme marine ecosystems: a review

Carbon sources of Antarctic nematodes as revealed by natural carbon isotope ratios and a pulse-chase experiment

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