Species distribution and antifungal sensitivity patterns of vaginal yeasts

Mutua, Florence; Revathi, G.; Machoki, JM

doi:10.4314/eamj.v87i4.62202

Cited by 9 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The findings in our study are similar to those of the study in Kenya [ 21 ] which showed that of the Candida species isolated, C.albicans were the most common (73.7%). Among the non albicans species, C. glabrata (13%), C. famata (5%), C. krusei (3%) and C. parapsilosis (1%) were the species isolated.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Antifungal Susceptibility Patterns of Vulvovaginal Candida species among Women Attending Antenatal Clinic at Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital, South Western Uganda

Mukasa

Itabangi

Atwine

et al. 2015

BMRJ

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AimsTo identify the Candida species that cause vulvovaginal candidiasis and determine their antifungal susceptibility patterns.Study DesignThis was a cross-sectional study.Place and Duration of StudyThe study was conducted at the antenatal clinic of Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital in Mbarara Municipality, between December 2012 and February 2013.MethodsHigh vaginal swabs from 456 pregnant women were subjected to microscopy and culture on Sabouraud Dextrose Agar. Candida isolates were identified by the germ tube and Analytical profile index (API® Candida) tests. Susceptibility to fluconazole, itraconazole and voriconazole was determined by the Etest strips and for clotrimazole and nystatin by the disc diffusion method on Mueller Hinton agar supplemented with 2%w/v glucose and 0.5μg/ml methylene blue dye.ResultsOf the 456 High vaginal swabs cultured, 207 grew Candida species. Species distribution was as follows: C. albicans (78.95%), C. glabrata (14.35%), C. krusei (3.35%), C. tropicalis (1.44%), C. famata (0.96%), C. parapsilosis (0.48%) and C. lusitaniae (0.48%). Resistance to nystatin was only observed in 0.61% of C.albicans. Resistance to clotrimazole was observed in 50%, 36.67% and 0.61% of C. famata, C. glabrata and C. albicans respectively. C. krusei showed a high resistance of 71.43% to fluconazole. C. glabrata, C. krusei, C. famata and C. lusitaniae exhibited 100% resistance to itraconazole. Resistance to voriconazole of less than 11% was exhibited by only C. albicans and C. glabrata.ConclusionC.albicans was susceptible to most antifungal agents tested except itraconazole and voriconazole. All isolates were susceptible to nystatin except less than 1% of Candida albicans. Non-albicans demonstrated resistance to some drugs especially itraconazole. We recommend use of Nystatin for empirical management of vulvovaginal candidiasis among pregnant women.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Antifungal Susceptibility Patterns of Vulvovaginal Candida species among Women Attending Antenatal Clinic at Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital, South Western Uganda

Mukasa

Itabangi

Atwine

et al. 2015

BMRJ

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“…The most frequently isolated Candida was Candida albicans (San Miguel et al, 2005), (Celebi, Hacimustafaoglu, Ozdemir, & Ozkaya, 2008). In congruence with previous studies, which identified Candida albicans as the most common etiologic agent of fungal infections (Haddadi et al, 1970), (Menza Nelson, Wanyoike Wanjiru2, 2013), (Mutua, Revathi, & Machoki, 2010), the proportion of Candida albicans (90.9%) was significantly higher than Candida tropicalis (1.9%) in this study. No other Candida was isolated.…”

Section: Candida Species Distributionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Prevalence, Distribution, Risk Factors and Antifungal Susceptibility Profiles of Candida Isolates from Patients Attending Mombasa Hospital

2018

IST Journal

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Candida commonly occurs as commensal organisms on the mucosal surfaces of gastrointestinal, genitourinary tracts and skin of humans but can cause mucocutaneous or invasive infections [(Pappas et al., 2004), (Kabir & Ahmad, 2013), (Mayer, Wilson, & Hube, 2013)]. Candida are emerging as a potentially pathogenic fungus in patients with broncho-pulmonary diseases (Kali et al., 2013). 2. Problem Statement Most laboratories in Mombasa do not undertake Candida identification and antifungal susceptibility tests although the Vitek (BioMérieux) system enables clinical laboratories to perform routine identification of Candida and antifungal susceptibility easier and more accurately (Melhem et al., 2013). Various Candida species (Mainly mucocutaneous but also few cases of systemic Candida infections) are isolated from clinical specimens in the Microbiology laboratory at Mombasa Hospital with few cases of resistance to some antifungal agents identified (Mombasa hospital health management information system). 3. Research Objective The study was guided by the following specific objectives: i. To determine the prevalence and distribution of Candida species among patients attending Mombasa Hospital. ii. To determine the antifungal susceptibility profiles of the Candida isolated from clinical specimens in Mombasa Hospital. iii. To determine the risk factors associated with isolation of Candida among patients attending Mombasa Hospital

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“… 26 A study in Kenya showed that C. albicans was the most frequent isolated (73.7%) followed by C. glabrata (13%), Candida famata (5%), C. krusei (3%) and C. parapsilosis (1%). 27 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antifungal susceptibility testing of vulvovaginal <em>Candida</em> species among women attending antenatal clinic in tertiary care hospitals of Peshawar

Khan

Ahmed

Gul

et al. 2018

IDR

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BackgroundVulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) is considered as a pervasive gynecological problem among women worldwide. Owing to this fact, in the current study, we aimed at assessing the prevalence rate of Candida spp. causing VVC in symptomatic pregnant women and their antifungal susceptibility pattern.MethodsThis study was carried out in the tertiary care hospitals of Peshawar during the period of July 1, 2016 to December 31, 2016. The study group included 450 pregnant women in the age group of 17–44 years with symptoms of excessive vaginal discharge, pain and pruritis. In all, 108 pregnant women were culture positive for Candida. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) was conducted on specimens against various azoles and polyene F group of antifungals.ResultsOut of 108 Candida spp. isolated from vaginal swabs, there were 45 (41.7%) Candida albicans, 18 (16.7%) Candida tropicalis, 18 (16.7%) Candida krusei, 16 (14.8%) Candida glabrata and 11 (10.2%) Candida dubliniensis. According to age distribution, 27 years was the mean age. Pregnancy trimester distribution among patients was as follows: 21 (19.4%) patients were in their first trimester, 65 (60.2%) patients were in their second trimester and 22 (20.4%) patients were in the third trimester. Susceptibility of fluconazole was determined as follows: 33.3% of the Candida isolates were sensitive, 4.6% were susceptible dose dependent (SDD) and 62% were resistant. Susceptibility of Candida spp. with respect to nystatin in patients with VVC was as follows: 25% were sensitive, 16.7% were SDD and 58.3% were resistant. Susceptibility of clotrimazole was analyzed, and it was sensitive in 21.3% of patients, SDD in 19.4% of patients and resistant in 59.3% of patients. Voriconazole susceptibility was recorded to be sensitive in 85.2% of patients, SDD in 4.6% of patients and resistant in 10.2% of patients suffering from VVC. Susceptibility results for itraconazole in patients with VVC were as follows: 42.6% of patients were sensitive, 16.7% of patients were SDD, and 40.7% of patients were resistant.ConclusionIn this study, frequency of VVC was noted to be high in the second trimester of pregnancy, with the highest frequency of C. albicans isolated, followed by C. tropicalis and C. krusei. Antifungal susceptibility testing revealed that fluconazole was exceedingly resistant against Candida species (62%), followed by clotrimazole (59.3%) and nystatin (58.3%). On the contrary, voriconazole had the highest antimicrobial activity against Candida species (85.2%).

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Species distribution and antifungal sensitivity patterns of vaginal yeasts

Cited by 9 publications

References 11 publications

Antifungal Susceptibility Patterns of Vulvovaginal Candida species among Women Attending Antenatal Clinic at Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital, South Western Uganda

Antifungal Susceptibility Patterns of Vulvovaginal Candida species among Women Attending Antenatal Clinic at Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital, South Western Uganda

Prevalence, Distribution, Risk Factors and Antifungal Susceptibility Profiles of Candida Isolates from Patients Attending Mombasa Hospital

Antifungal susceptibility testing of vulvovaginal <em>Candida</em> species among women attending antenatal clinic in tertiary care hospitals of Peshawar

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