Species Differences in
Uroepithelium-Induced Bone
Development:
Observations on Transplants of
Human Uroepithelium in
Cortisone-Treated Mice

Kh, Włodarski; Kuzaka, B; Pk, Włodarski

doi:10.1159/000475166

Cited by 4 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The results presented in this paper confirm our earlier finding on the transplantation of normal human transitional epithelium [22] and provide negative instances of a c o m m o n hypothesis that human urothelium possesses bone-inducing potential. The report on grafting of normal bladder urothelial expanded in vitro into nude, thymus!ess mice supports our postulate.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Xenogeneic grafts are infiltrated by host immune cells after 3 weeks and are destroyed completely within a period of 3-4 weeks. We have previously demonstrated that normal human urinary bladder mucosa implanted for 25 days in mice with prolonged immunosuppression fails to induce osteogenesis [22]. By implication, a period of 25 days appears to be the normative interval during which such development occurs and is thus the period customarily employed for the observation of such a phenomenon.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We established recently that this is not the case. Thus, in contrast to dog and guinea-pig transitional epithelium, on transplantation into cortisone-treated mice, human urothelium does not induce heterotopic osteogenesis [22]. Thus, normal human transitional epithelium could be classified together with murine transitional epithelium as being none-bone-inducing.…”

mentioning

confidence: 93%

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Human urinary bladder-carcinoma cells are non-osteoinductive

Włodarski¹,

Kuzaka

Włodarski³

1996

World J Urol

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Small pieces (ca. 2-3 x 3-5 mm) of the urinary-tract mucosa from noninvasive papillary transitional-cell carcinomas of the bladder (ca. urotheliale papillare, n = 33), invasive transitional-cell carcinomas of the bladder (ca. urotheliale papillare infiltrans, n = 6, papillary transitional-cell carcinomas of the bladder with squamous metaplasia (ca. urotheliale papillare cum metaplasia planoepitheliale, n = 4), transitional-cell carcinomas in situ (ca. urotheliale in situ, n = 2), and squamous-cell carcinomas of the bladder (ca. planoepitheliale, n = 2) were grafted intramuscularly into cortisone-immunosuppressed mice to test the ability of transformed transitional epithelium to induce heterotopic osteogenesis. Altogether, 156 implants from 47 cases of urinary bladder carcinoma were performed. Histological examination of implants, excised 10-17 days later, revealed relatively good survival of the grafted epithelium, which had proliferated and, in some cases, formed cysts and islands but failed to induce heterotopic osteogenesis in the surrounding host tissues. In nine implants prepared from four cases (noninvasive papillary transitional-cell carcinoma of the bladder and invasive papillary transitional-cell carcinoma of the bladder, two cases each) a small amount of cartilage and/or bone was found in the stroma of grafted tissue. The rarity of this phenomenon--together with the observation that implants of normal human urinary-tract mucosa have never induced the formation of cartilage/bone, whereas in a similar system, dog or guinea-pig grafts are osteogenic--suggests that the cartilage/bone present in the stroma of implanted cancers is the result of metaplasia of the stroma of the neoplasm and not the product of any osteoinductive potency of human urothelium.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 93%

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Human urinary bladder-carcinoma cells are non-osteoinductive

Włodarski¹,

Kuzaka

Włodarski³

1996

World J Urol

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“…dog or guinea pig), is capable of bone induction in adja cent muscles [2,4], There are reports of heterotopic bone formation occurring in humans; near ligated ureters [4], in the abdominal wall following suprapubic prostatecto my [5,6], and in the iliac muscles following autologous transplantation of urinary bladder mucosa [7], We are, however, very skeptical about the osteoinduc tive potential of the human urothelium. It appears that, in contrast with urothelium of dog, guinea pig, hamster, rab bit, and pig [8-14; for reviews, see 15,16], human urothe lium is devoid of osteoinductive potential [17,18]. Thus, humans belong, as mouse, cattle, and sheep, to species whose urothelium is devoid of osteoinductive potential [10,13,19], Our skepticism is based on the following:…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…By contrast, in 16 out of 21 implants of dog and guina pig urinary bladder mucosa, bone formation was observed [17,18].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is Heterotopic Bone Formation, Occurring Near a Cut Ureter, a Sign of Osteoinductive Potency of Human Urothelium?

Włodarski

Kuzaka²,

Włodarski³

et al. 1995

Urol Int

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Laminin, VEGF, and Bone Matrix Protein Expression in Uroepithelial Bone Induction—a Canine Model

Xiao

Goss

Shi

et al. 2006

Connective Tissue Research

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A biological and embryological bone induction from epithelial-mesenchymal cell interactions has been noticed in some developing tissues. However, the mechanism for bone formation induced by the epithelial-mesenchymal cell interactions is not clear. The aim of our study was to reveal the role of laminin, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and bone matrix proteins in mesenchymal cell differentiation during uroepithelial bone induction using a well-established canine model. In this model, a myoperitoneal muscle flap from the abdominal rectus sheath was transplanted into the bladder wall. After 6 weeks, the bladder samples were removed and assessed by histology and immunohistochemistry. This study demonstrated that bone formation occurred in two different directions with two distinct mechanisms. We noted that bone-forming cells in two types of bone formation derived from mesenchymal stem cell differentiation induced either from uroepithelium or bone autoinduction. Laminin was only expressed in peripheral regions of uroepithelium bone formation. Type II collagen was expressed both intracellularly and extracellularly around hypertrophic chondrocytes, whereas VEGF was mostly expressed in proliferating chondrocytes. This study indicates that components in basement membrane like laminin play a role in transitional epithelium-induced differentiation of mesenchymal cells to chondrocytes in muscle tissue. The sequential expression of bone matrix proteins by differentiated osteogenetic cells indicates a subsequent sequence of bone autoinduction.

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Species Differences in Uroepithelium-Induced Bone Development: Observations on Transplants of Human Uroepithelium in Cortisone-Treated Mice

Cited by 4 publications

References 11 publications

Human urinary bladder-carcinoma cells are non-osteoinductive

Human urinary bladder-carcinoma cells are non-osteoinductive

Is Heterotopic Bone Formation, Occurring Near a Cut Ureter, a Sign of Osteoinductive Potency of Human Urothelium?

Laminin, VEGF, and Bone Matrix Protein Expression in Uroepithelial Bone Induction—a Canine Model

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