Species composition of parasitoids and predators in two rice agro-farming systems—effect of ecological intensification

Sharma, Sreevalli; Shera, P. S.; Sangha, K. S.

doi:10.1007/s42690-019-00072-z

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Tere was no change in aquatic insect diversity or abundance between pesticide and non-insecticide treated rice felds [38,[50][51][52], but insecticide application resulted in a loss in species richness [7]. Te parasitism rate and predators' activity were signifcantly higher in organic rice feld than conventional [53]. In conventional feld, insecticide caused adverse efect on the arthropod community after spraying and recovered quickly; however, Yu et al [54] reported no negative efects of Bt soybean on the arthropod community in the short period.…”

Section: Species Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Pesticides on Diversity and Abundance of Predatory Arthropods in Rice Ecosystem

Raut,

Banu,

Akram

et al. 2023

Applied and Environmental Soil Science

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Rice (Oryza sativa) is one of the most important cereal crops with a diverse set of pests and natural enemies. Rice fields often support a high diversity of arthropods which contribute significantly to productivity. This diversity is frequently threatened due to indiscriminate applications of pesticides. Our aim was to emphasize on the predator diversity in agrochemical exposed rice field as well as on the impact of surrounding vegetation on beneficial insect diversity. Natural enemies’ data were recorded from randomly selected 10 quadrates by visual observation from each treatment. A total of 5,590 individuals of predators were observed during the study period which included 27 species belonging to 16 families from five orders of arthropods during the kharif season of rice. Statistically, there were no significant differences between the population of general natural enemies such as Odonata, Coleoptera, Hymenoptera, and Araneae in plots with insecticide and control during the different growth stages of rice cultivation. Diversity indices were almost similar in fields where pesticide was sprayed and not sprayed. Our study concluded that natural enemies are conserved by ensuring crop heterogeneity, growing insect-friendly plants (with high levels of nectar and pollen) as border crops, and judicious application of granule insecticide like cartap hydrochloride in a rice agro-ecosystem.

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Section: Species Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Pesticides on Diversity and Abundance of Predatory Arthropods in Rice Ecosystem

Raut,

Banu,

Akram

et al. 2023

Applied and Environmental Soil Science

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“…The main concerns of the public to implement C engineering approaches are the feasibility, the cost-effectiveness, and the outcome of the abatement measure (Arranz, 2016;Bellamy et al, 2017;McLaren et al, 2016). The global area of paddies is about 158 million hectares, from that almost 90% is located in Asia and in developing countries (142 million hectares) (Sharma et al, 2019). Thus, most of the farms are small with weak infrastructure and low mechanization levels which hinder adaptation of abatement measures by the farmers (W. Wang et al, 2014).…”

Section: Socio-economical Potential Of Ib Biocharmentioning

confidence: 99%

In‐situ biochar production associated with paddies: Direct involvement of farmers in greenhouse gases reduction policies besides increasing nutrients availability and rice production

2021

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Treating soils with pyrolyzed biomass, that is biochar, is proposed as a conditioner and a carbon geoengineering measure. Rice is known as a strategic crop and rice husk is a cheap and available feedstock material for biochar in particular in Asia. We conducted a field experiment with laboratory biochar (LB) and locally produced [in‐situ biochar (IB)] applied at rates of 10 and 20 t ha−1 using a randomized block design in three replicates to examine the efficiency of IB for improving soil condition for rice production, and to propose a cheap and in‐farm applicable measure to decrease greenhouse gases (GHGs) emissions from the agricultural sector. Grain yield significantly increased following biochar addition by 52.2%, 53.2%, 65.4%, and 67.2% in LB10, IB10, LB20, and IB20, respectively. Total biomass in all biochar treatments had a significant difference (p < 0.05) compared with our control and the highest biomass belonged to LB20 and IB20 with 12.2 and 15.7 t ha1, respectively. The highest grain nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium was in IB20. Compared to the control, IB20 significantly decreased emissions of CH4 by 72.3%, N2O by 85.8%, and CO2 by 32.9%. IB is as effective as LB. IB production and application provide a sustainable management approach for dealing with crop residues, improves soil conditions (aeration and nutrients availability) for crop growth, and directly and in a practical way involves farmers in GHGs reduction policies.

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“…IOP Publishing doi:10.1088/1755-1315/1287/1/012018 2 In the context of the efficiency of shoot borer control so that the infestation does not cause harm, the egg parasitoid is an effective biotic mortality factor, because it causes the death of the herbivore before its consume the plant and causes significant damage. Therefore, until now, borer biocontrol programs in sugarcane-producing countries often involve the use of egg parasitoids as biological control agents (BCA) [11,12,13,14]. The success of biocontrol using parasitoids through augmentation is greatly influenced by the species of parasitoids released and their release techniques [15], as well as other factors, such as agroecosystem conditions, or plant varieties [16,17,18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural Control of Sugarcane Top Borer Scirpophaga excerptalis Walker (Crambidae: Lepidoptera) by Its Egg Parasitoids

Nurindah,

Sujak,

Yulianti

et al. 2023

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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The sugarcane shoot borer (Scirpophaga excerptalis) is an herbivorous insect that primarily infests sugarcane plants, leading to the development of dead heart symptoms. This study aimed to investigate the contribution of egg parasitoids in mitigating the occurrence of dead heart caused by S. excerptalis infestation. The research was conducted in Asembagus and Malang, East Java, Indonesia. The samples collection of shoot borer eggs were done twice in Asembagus, and three times in Malang. The collected eggs were examined to determine the percentage of parasitism, and the emerged parasitoids were identified. The infestation level of shoot borers was evaluated by counting the dead heart symptoms within 5 m2 observation units, comprising 18 and 15 units in Asembagus and Karangploso, respectively. Three species of parasitoids, namely Telenomus sp., Trichogramma chilonis, and Tetrastichus sp., were found to parasitize S. excerptalis eggs. The average parasitism levels by Telenomus sp., T. chilonis, and Tetrastichus sp. were 74% (ranged: 50-100%), 0.6% (ranged: 0-4.4%), and 14.3% (ranged: 0-100%), respectively. Telenomus sp. was the predominant egg parasitoid observed in all observations at both sites. There was an inverse relationship between the mortality of shoot borer eggs by parasitoids and the occurrence of dead heart symptoms. Higher levels of parasitism were associated with reduced dead shoot symptoms. The natural control of S. excerptalis through the complex of egg parasitoids holds a promise for effective management of sugarcane shoot borers and promoting sustainable agriculture.

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Species composition of parasitoids and predators in two rice agro-farming systems—effect of ecological intensification

Cited by 6 publications

References 18 publications

Impact of Pesticides on Diversity and Abundance of Predatory Arthropods in Rice Ecosystem

Impact of Pesticides on Diversity and Abundance of Predatory Arthropods in Rice Ecosystem

In‐situ biochar production associated with paddies: Direct involvement of farmers in greenhouse gases reduction policies besides increasing nutrients availability and rice production

Natural Control of Sugarcane Top Borer Scirpophaga excerptalis Walker (Crambidae: Lepidoptera) by Its Egg Parasitoids

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