Species composition of an alluvial hardwood forest in the Dutch fluvial area under natural conditions (2700 cal year<scp>bp</scp>)

Klerk, Pim de; Janssen, Colin; Joosten, J. H. J.; Törnqvist, Torbjörn E.

doi:10.1111/plb.1997.46.2.131

Cited by 14 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 11 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In a natural situation, this area was covered with grasslands and open water (Fig. 5c;De Klerk et al, 1997a, 1997b. The width of these flood basins in the research area varied considerably.…”

Section: Flood Basinsmentioning

confidence: 96%

The Roman Limes in the Netherlands: how a delta landscape determined the location of the military structures

Dinter¹

2013

Netherlands Journal of Geosciences

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

From the 40s A.D. onwards a dense military system was established in the Lower Rhine delta in the Netherlands. Long since, it is questioned why this system was established in a wetland area and even turned into the northwest frontier of the Roman Empire, theLimes. A new detailed palaeogeographical map, based on a digital elevation model (LIDAR), soil maps and excavation results, was constructed. This reconstruction provides insight and understanding of the interactions between the natural environment in this part of the delta on the one hand and the establishment of this part of theLimesalong the Old Rhine between Utrecht and Katwijk on the other. This study shows that the distinctive landscape of the western Rhine-Meuse delta, with an exceptionally large number of tributaries, determined the spatial pattern of the military structures. All forts (castella) were erected on the southern natural levees of the river Rhine, directly alongside the river, regardless of height and composition of the subsoil and alongside or opposite routes that provided natural access to the river. We conclude that their aim was to guard all waterways that gave access to the river Rhine from the Germanic residential areas further north and from/to the Meuse tributary further south in the delta. In addition, a system of small military structures, mostly watchtowers, was erected between the forts to watch over the river Rhine and its river traffic. Furthermore, at least two canals were established to create shorter and safely navigable transport routes to the river Meuse. At first, this integrated system of castella and watchtowers probably aimed to protect against Germanic invasions and to create a safe corridor for transport and built up of army supplies for the British invasion in 43 A.D. Only later on, probably by the end of the first century, this corridor turned into a frontier zone.

show abstract

Section: Flood Basinsmentioning

confidence: 96%

The Roman Limes in the Netherlands: how a delta landscape determined the location of the military structures

Dinter¹

2013

Netherlands Journal of Geosciences

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…River activity in the residual channel, however, was not synchronous with river activity in the flood basin (De Klerk et al 1997). Furthermore, the flood basin section is not continuous, due to a sedimentary hiatus (Tornqvist & Van Dijk 1993).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Crucial in this approach is the construction of 'ecological references' to identify natural ecosystem processes. Palynological research can contribute to such references by revealing vegetation patterns and dynamics of fluvial areas prior to huma n interference (De Klerk et al 1997).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After this fire a re-establishment of reed marsh vegetation took place, leading to a dominance of Poaceae (probably Phragmites), Galium, Mentha and/or Lycopus, T latifolia, R. aquaticus and/or R. hydrolapathum, Sium latifolium and/or Berula erecta (both included in the Sium latifolium-type) and eventually Apium. No clear traces of this fire are visible in the Oosterwijk I upland diagram(De Klerk et al 1997), suggesting that the fire must have swept a limited area.ZoneOOS-I-e (80-70 em) is characterized by relatively high values of Cyperaceae undiff.-and Brassicaceae undiff.-type pollen. The increase in Cyperaceae undiff.-, together with a decrease of Poaceae undiff.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Patterns and processes in natural wetland vegetation in the Dutch fluvial area: a palaeoecological study

Klerk

Janssen

Joosten

1997

Acta Botanica Neerlandica

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Palynological study of deposits in the residual channel and flood basin of a former Rhine distributary reveals the species composition and development of natural wetland vegetation prior to major human interference. Flood-basin vegetation resembled a Typho-Phragmitetum thelypteridetosum vegetation during river activity. After this, vegetation succession shows a terrestrialization pattern, although duration of terrestrialization phases suggests continuous rising water levels in the flood basin. Grazing of wetland mammals is suggested by a sample probably representing a fossil excrement. During minor river activity reed marshes were present along the margins of the active channel, with Typha angustifolia and Sparganium in the deeper parts. After river activity ended a Bidentetea-vegetation originated on the lower clayey parts of the natural levees, succeeded by an extension of reed marshes. There are traces of fire, which temporarily disturbed the vegetation. Vegetation succession ended with the development of alder carr.

show abstract

“…The long-distance component is referred to as 'extraregional' pollen deposition. For trees with good pollen dispersal capacities, the extralocal trajectory may range up to several hundreds of metres (Janssen et al 1985;Bos and Janssen 1996;De Klerk et al 1997), but for Arctic herbs and dwarfshrubs, this trajectory seems to be very short and probably does not exceed one or two metres ). This means that already at short distance to a specific plant regional pollen deposition values of the relevant pollen type are encountered.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Vegetation patterns, pollen deposition and distribution of non-pollen palynomorphs in an ice-wedge polygon near Kytalyk (NE Siberia), with some remarks on Arctic pollen morphology

et al. 2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In ice-wedge polygon mires, small-scaled microrelief of ridges enclosing small depressions results in a short-distance vegetation mosaic. The correct recognition of these landscape elements in palaeoecological studies of peat sections in order to reconstruct their patterns and dynamics requires insight in the short-distance relationship between vegetation and pollen deposition. This paper presents an analysis of pollen surface samples in a high-resolution (1 m) transect across an ice-wedge polygon near Kytalyk (NE Siberia), including a discussion on the morphology of some critical pollen types and non-pollen palynomorphs (NPPs). We found a strong correlation between vegetation and surface elevation and a fair correspondence between pollen deposition and vegetation. Distribution of NPPs reflects surface elevation well, with algal spores dominating deep spots and testate amoebae prevailing on higher spots. Peak pollen/spore values unrelated to high species coverages (e.g. of Salix, Betula, Sphagnum, Poaceae) indicate that single plants within a population may cause the bulk of the pollen production. The absence of pollen of taxa with an important presence in the vegetation (e.g. Utricularia) must be attributable to low pollen productivity. Distributional patterns point at pollen transport by water in the polygon troughs/ depressions. Our study shows that Arctic pollen records mainly reflect short-distance vegetation patterns. Palaeosequences consequently allow accurate reconstruction of local microtopography and its dynamics, but should not be overinterpreted in terms of changing (over)regional vegetation patterns and associated drivers.

show abstract

Species composition of an alluvial hardwood forest in the Dutch fluvial area under natural conditions (2700 cal yearbp)

Cited by 14 publications

References 11 publications

The Roman Limes in the Netherlands: how a delta landscape determined the location of the military structures

The Roman Limes in the Netherlands: how a delta landscape determined the location of the military structures

Patterns and processes in natural wetland vegetation in the Dutch fluvial area: a palaeoecological study

Vegetation patterns, pollen deposition and distribution of non-pollen palynomorphs in an ice-wedge polygon near Kytalyk (NE Siberia), with some remarks on Arctic pollen morphology

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About