Species Composition and Spatial Distribution of Dominant Trees in the Forest Ecotone of a Mountain Ecosystem, Northern Thailand

Marod, Dokrak; Hermhuk, Sutheera; Sungkaew, Sarawood; Thinkampheang, Sathid; Kamyo, Torlarp; Nuipakdee, Wimonmart; Man,; Conservation, Bangkok Plant

doi:10.32526/ennrj.17.3.2019.21

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…The seedling plots were grouped into two forest types, DDF (880–930 m asl) and LMF (930–1020 m asl) based on the dominance of deciduous and evergreen canopy trees (DBH > 4.5 cm) in the basal area using the data of a 50 × 600 m 2 (3 ha) area around the study plot (Marod et al, 2019). DDF and LMF were defined as subplots with >50% deciduous and > 50% evergreen species in the canopy, respectively (Figure S2).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The average minimum and maximum temperatures are 20.8 and 32.2°C, respectively, and the mean annual rainfall is 1350-2500 mm/year (Chernkhunthod & Hioki, 2020). The study area has two forest vegetation types: DDF and LMF, which are the major forest types distributed along the altitudinal gradients in Thailand (Marod et al, 2015(Marod et al, , 2019. In general, fires occur relatively frequently during the dry season in a DDF, but rarely in a LMF (Bunyavejchewin et al, 2011).…”

Section: Study Sitementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this study, we examined the effects of El Niño drought on seedling dynamics in Thailand. In the seasonal tropics of Thailand, forests with different tree species compositions exist along the elevation gradient (Marod et al, 2015(Marod et al, , 2019. Deciduous dipterocarp forests (DDFs) composed mainly of deciduous tree species exist in the lowlands, where temperatures are warmer and drought is severe, whereas lower montane forests (LMFs) are present at higher elevations where temperatures are cooler and drought is less severe.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Effects of El Niño drought on seedling dynamics in a seasonally dry tropical forest in Northern Thailand

Nutiprapun

Hermhuk

Nanami

et al. 2022

Global Change Biology

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As El Niño is predicted to become stronger and more frequent in the future, it is crucial to understand how El Niño-induced droughts will affect tropical forests. Although many studies have focused on tropical rainforests, there is a paucity of studies on seasonally dry tropical forests (SDTFs), particularly in Asia, and few studies have focused on seedling dynamics, which are expected to be strongly affected by drought.Seedlings in SDTFs are generally more drought-tolerant than those in the rainforests, and the effects of El Niño-induced droughts may differ between SDTF and tropical rainforests. In this study, we explored the impact of El Niño-induced drought at an SDTF in northern Thailand by monitoring the seedling dynamics at monthly intervals for 7 years, including a period of strong El Niño. The effects were compared between two forest types in an SDTF: a deciduous dipterocarp forest (DDF), dominated by deciduous species, and an adjacent lower montane forest (LMF) with more evergreen species. El Niño-induced drought increased seedling mortality in both the forest types. The effect of drought was stronger in evergreen than in the deciduous species, resulting in higher mortality in the LMF during El Niño. However, El Niño increased seedling recruitment only in the DDF, mainly because of the massive recruitment of the deciduous oak, Quercus brandisiana (Fagaceae), which compensated for the mortality of seedlings in the DDF. As a result, El Niño increased seedling density in the DDF and decreased it in the LMF. This is the first long-term study to identify the differences in the impacts of El Niño on seedlings between the two forest types, and two leaf habits, evergreen and deciduous, in Southeast Asia. Our findings suggest that future climate change may alter the species composition and spatial distribution of seedlings in Asian SDTFs.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Study Sitementioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Effects of El Niño drought on seedling dynamics in a seasonally dry tropical forest in Northern Thailand

Nutiprapun

Hermhuk

Nanami

et al. 2022

Global Change Biology

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“…As in this result, tree diversity was changed by the slope area according to the ordination. However, it was also clear that the spatial Group DCA distribution of trees was strongly impacted by elevation in mountain ecosystem, northern Thailand (Marod et al, 2019).…”

Section: Species Distribution On Environmental Gradientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Species Diversity, Aboveground Biomass, and Carbon Storage of Watershed Forest in Phayao Province, Thailand

Pinmongkhonkul

Boonriam

Madhyamapurush

et al. 2022

Environ. Nat. Resour. J.

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Restoration of watershed forest ecosystems can perform different disturbance regimes over remnant forests, which can ultimately affect plant diversity, soil formation, and carbon storage. To address an issue, this study assessed tree species diversity, aboveground biomass (AGB), and aboveground carbon (AGC) storage of the watershed forest in Phayao Province, Thailand. Data collection was conducted in 18 plots along nine watersheds along the topographic gradients. Tree height and diameter at breast height (DBH) were collected. AGB of vegetation was estimated by using the allometric equation. Likewise, AGC storage was evaluated from half of AGB. A total of 133 species belonging to 105 genera and 39 families were recorded from the watershed forests (1.8 ha). Mixed deciduous forest (MDF) and dry evergreen forest (DEF) exhibited high density and high diversity index, respectively. The highest value of total AGC storage was found in the MDF with 91.2 ton C/ha, following by DEF (78.3 ton C/ha) and dry dipterocarp forest (DDF) (60.5 ton C/ha). Detrended correspondence analysis (DCA) revealed that the occurrences of Albizia saman, Hopea odorata, Lagerstroemia calyculata, and Acrocarpus fraxinifolius related to AGB, AGC, slope, and tree canopy in the DEF. Intensity of slope influenced tree species occurrence in the watershed forest of Phayao.

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“…These data implied that the enrichment planting could increase species diversity and improve forest condition of the forest after planting for 34 years. This pine occurs naturally in dry areas from 1,000 to 1,900 m altitude in the transition zone (ecotone) between the DDF and lower montane forest of northern Thailand (Seramethakun, 2012;Marod et al, 2019), and is recognized as a fast-growing tree species. Thus, the pine could reduce the time of plant succession and forest development of the degraded DDF (Pornleesangsuwan, 2012).…”

Section: Contribution Of Planted Pine To Community Structures Speciementioning

confidence: 99%

Restoration of Water Storage Potential in a Degraded Dry Dipterocarp Forest with Enrichment Planting of Three Needle Pine (Pinus kesiya Royle ex Gordon), Northern Thailand

Thichan¹,

Anongrak²,

Khamyong³

et al. 2020

Environ. Nat. Resour. J.

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The research assessed water storage in a dry dipterocarp forest (DDF) with enriched 34-year-old pine planting and the role of pine. Plant surveys were carried out using 10, 40×40 m2 plots, and data were obtained by measuring tree stem girths and heights. Plant features, biomass, and stored water amounts were measured. Fresh plant samples of abundant species were taken one time per month from January to December 2018. Three soil pits were made in three plots, and soil samples along 100 cm depth were taken on the same days of collecting plant samples for studying fied capacity, water content and water amount. The DDF was divided into three stands based on the most dominant tree species; Shorea obtusa, Dipterocarpus tuberculatus, and Dipterocarpus obtusifolius. The forest was composed of 86 species with biomass at 101.62 Mg/ha and contained an average water amount of 88.01 m3/ha. The water amount in biomass varied with sampling times from 58.74 to 111.83 m3/ha. The average MWHC of 100 cm soil was estimated to be 5,113.74 m3/ha. The water amount in soil also varied with sampling times from 3,651.50 to 4,481.06 m3/ha. As a result, the total water amount in plant biomass and soil (ecosystem) of the DDF varied in a range from 3,735.0 to 4,558.67 m3/ha. The pine contributed to 30.87 m3/ha (35.07% of the total) and could increase by 64.92% the water storage potential of the forest, and thus these results support the concept of pine enrichment planting in the poor DDF.

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Species Composition and Spatial Distribution of Dominant Trees in the Forest Ecotone of a Mountain Ecosystem, Northern Thailand

Cited by 7 publications

References 34 publications

Effects of El Niño drought on seedling dynamics in a seasonally dry tropical forest in Northern Thailand

Effects of El Niño drought on seedling dynamics in a seasonally dry tropical forest in Northern Thailand

Species Diversity, Aboveground Biomass, and Carbon Storage of Watershed Forest in Phayao Province, Thailand

Restoration of Water Storage Potential in a Degraded Dry Dipterocarp Forest with Enrichment Planting of Three Needle Pine (Pinus kesiya Royle ex Gordon), Northern Thailand

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