Species Composition and Population Dynamics of Dominant Dendrophagous Moths (Lepidoptera) in St. Petersburg and Its Environs

Селиховкин, А. В.; Baryshnikova, S. V.; Denisova, N. V.; Timofeeva, Yu. A.

doi:10.1134/s0013873818080031

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…В то время как общая численность насекомых стремительно уменьшается [56,76], вредители леса, сельскохозяйственных культур и продовольственных запасов демонстрируют вспышки численности [14,15,62,89,114].…”

Section: Cветовоспринимающие органыunclassified

Световое Антропогенное Загрязнение: Действие На Насекомых

2022

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The amounts and diversity of insects make them significant contributors to ecosystems stability. Human activities are associated with rapid changes in the lighting conditions of ecosystems. These changes produce diverse alterations to behavior, physiology and, ultimately, population sizes of insects. The present review addresses the changes in insects that occurre upon anthropogenic light pollution. The insects that are active in nighttime are subject to direct negative impacts of light at night primarily because it shortens the foraging and proliferation periods and thus diminishes insect populations, whereas daytime species may benefit somehow due to the lengthening of the periods of their activity. The physiological state that allows insects to survive during winter, the diapause, critically depends on daytime duration; therefore, longer periods of illumination may result in a delayed or incomplete diapause in both daytime and nighttime insects. Migratory insects are subject to changes in focal light sources, because such changes may interfere with migration routes and thus lead to massive losses of insects. Indirect light pollution cases are associated with the use of light polarizing materials, such as asphalts pavements and polymeric films, which distort insects’ abilities to use light polarization for detecting of water surfaces. Although the almost ubiquitous light pollution is a relatively recent phenomenon, some insect species have already developed adaptations to it. However, the impact of light pollution on insects is still poorly studied not only because of their enormous diversity but also because of rapidly changing characteristics of artificial light sources, such as their luminosity and spectra. Proper choices of illumination parameters may not only ameliorate the negative impact of light at night on insects but also may help to develop illumination means of control of pests and synanthropic insects.

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Section: Cветовоспринимающие органыunclassified

Световое Антропогенное Загрязнение: Действие На Насекомых

2022

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“…Karst., a few species of birch Betula spp., European aspen Populus tremula L., and grey alder Alnus incana (L.) Moench (Moschenikova, 2011). The specific composition of woody vegetation and a strong influence of the factors compromising the resistance of woody plantings make these plantings highly susceptible to invasive pathogens and pests in the urban environment (Selikhovkin et al, 2018(Selikhovkin et al, , 2020.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Saint Petersburg is a big cultural center that attracts millions of tourists every year and also serves as a transportation hub. As a result, the process of invasion of pathogens and arthropod pests of woody plants is very intensive here (Shabunin et al, 2012;Musolin et al, 2017;Selikhovkin et al, 2018Selikhovkin et al, , 2020. The ascomycete Hymenoscyphus fraxineus (T. Kowalski) Baral, Queloz & Hosoya (anamorph of Chalara fraxinea) causing ash dieback is one of the phytopathogenic invaders that recently reached the city.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decline of Fraxinus excelsior L. in parks of Saint Petersburg: Who is to blame – Hymenoscyphus fraxineus or Diplodia spp.?

Shabunin¹,

Селиховкин

Varentsova

et al. 2020

Forestry Studies

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The weakening and decline of European ash Fraxinus excelsior L. and other ash species have been recorded at different locations in the suburbs of Saint Petersburg, Russia. During the summer of 2019 and spring of 2020, samples from leaves, petioles, and shoots were collected from the weakened and declining ash trees in three parks in Pushkin and Gatchina and maintained in humid chambers to induce the fructification of fungi. In total, 30 taxa of micromycetes belonging to 23 genera were identified using methods of light microscopy. Hymenoscyphus fraxineus, a putative agent of ash dieback, was not recorded in the samples collected in the crowns of trees, but only on the petioles of the fallen leaves in spring. Out of all the micromycetes recorded, only coelomycetes from the genus Diplodia Fr. (in particular, D. mutila) can damage the branches of ash trees and, thus, be considered pathogenic. It is likely that H. fraxineus opens “the entry of infection” and Diplodia spp. cause the major weakening and decline of branches. The data obtained can significantly change our understanding of the causes of ash dieback and possible methods of ash stand preservation. The reason for the low pathogenicity and activity of H. fraxineus, as well as the possible role of ascomycetes Diplodia spp. in the dieback of ash stands requires further research.

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“…These species for the first time were recorded in St. Petersburg in 2000, 2013, and 2018 respectively. All three species give outbreaks in the secondary range.…”

mentioning

confidence: 97%

Actual changes in the species composition and the population density of phyllophagous insects in St. Petersburg

Bui¹,

Denisova²,

Baryshnikova³

et al. 2020

Известия СПбЛТА

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В последние три десятилетия произошли существенные изменения в видовом составе доминирующих вредителей древесных растений Санкт-Петербурга и окрестностей. За это время в насаждениях города появились три новых инвазионных вредителя из семейства молей-пестрянок (Gracillariidae), минирующих листья древесных растений: липовая моль-пестрянка Phyllonorycter issikii, каштановая минирующая моль Cameraria ohridella и дубовая широкоминирующая моль Acrocercops brongniardella. Впервые в Санкт-Петербурге эти виды отмечены в 2000, 2013 и 2018 гг. соответственно. Все три вида дают вспышки массового размножения во вторичном ареале. Кроме того, началось массовое размножение ещё одного вида из этого же семейства тополёвой нижнесторонней моли-пестрянки Phyllonorycter populifoliella. В других систематических группах вредителей также преобладают скрытноживущие виды: минирующие листья листоеды Zeugophora subspinosa и листоед большеног Zeugophora flavicollis на тополе, пилильщики Ardis pallipes, Arge ochropus и Blennocampa phyllocolpa на розе морщинистой, запятовидная щитовка Lepidosaphes ulmi и тля Eriosoma lanigerum на боярышнике. При этом ранее эти насекомые как вредители насаждений Санкт-Петербурга не отмечались. С другой стороны, ряд видов насекомых-филлофагов, в особенности открытоживущих, для которых ранее было отмечено резкое неоднократное увеличение плотности популяций, за последние 40 лет не встречались в городских насаждениях, например, три вида волнянок (Erebidae) шелкопряд-монашенка Lymantria monacha, ивовая волнянка Leucoma salicis и античная волнянка Orgyia antiqua. Ещё одна значимая группа вредителей сосущие насекомые, которые широко представлены в городских насаждениях и периодически дают значимые увеличения численности. Изменение видового состава доминирующих групп вредителей в городской среде может быть связано с тремя основными внешними факторами, воздействующими на популяции это изменение породного состава насаждений, изменение климата и повышение уровня загрязнения и других антропогенных нагрузок на насаждения. Последний фактор, весьма вероятно, и обусловливает доминирование скрытноживущих и сосущих вредителей. In the last three decades, significant changes have occurred in the species composition of the dominant pests of woody plants in St. Petersburg and its environs. During this time, three new, invasive pests from the moth family Gracillariidae that mine the leaves of woody plants appeared on the plantings of the city: the lime leaf miner Phyllonorycter issikii, the horse-chestnut leaf miner Cameraria ohridella and the leaf blotch miner moth Acrocercops brongniardella. These species for the first time were recorded in St. Petersburg in 2000, 2013, and 2018 respectively. All three species give outbreaks in the secondary range. In addition, the outbreak of another species from the same family, the poplar mining moth Phyllonorycter populifoliella, began. Species leading a secretive life are also dominated in other systematic pest groups: leave miners the leaf beetles Zeugophora subspinosa and Zeugophora flavicollis on the poplar, sawflies Ardis pallipes, Arge ochropus and Blennocampa phyllocolpa on the rugosa rose, the apple mussel scale Lepidosaphes ulmi and the aphid Eriosoma lanigerum on the hawthorn. Moreover, earlier these insects as pests of the stands of St. Petersburg were not noted. On the other hand, a number of phyllophagous insect species, especially open-living insects, for which a sharp repeated increase in population density was previously noted, have not been found in urban plantations over the past 40 years, for example, three species of family Erebidae the nun moth Lymantria monacha, the satin moth Leucoma salicis and the rusty tussock moth Orgyia antiqua. Another significant group of pests is sucking insects, which are widely represented in urban plantations and periodically give significant increases in numbers. The change in the species composition of the dominant pest groups in the urban environment can be associated with three main external factors affecting populations: a change in the species composition of the stands, climate change, and an increase in the level of pollution and other anthropogenic pressures on the stands. The latter factor, very likely, determines the dominance of secretive and sucking pests.

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Species Composition and Population Dynamics of Dominant Dendrophagous Moths (Lepidoptera) in St. Petersburg and Its Environs

Cited by 9 publications

References 1 publication

Световое Антропогенное Загрязнение: Действие На Насекомых

Световое Антропогенное Загрязнение: Действие На Насекомых

Decline of Fraxinus excelsior L. in parks of Saint Petersburg: Who is to blame – Hymenoscyphus fraxineus or Diplodia spp.?

Actual changes in the species composition and the population density of phyllophagous insects in St. Petersburg

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