Speciation on a Conveyor Belt: Sequential Colonization of the Hawaiian Islands by Orsonwelles Spiders (Araneae, Linyphiidae)

Hormiga, Gustavo; Arnedo, Miquel A.; Gillespie, Rosemary G.

doi:10.1080/10635150309347

Cited by 31 publications

(72 citation statements)

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“…Adaptive bursts thus occur sequentially on each island in turn, but older island clades do not necessarily all disperse down the chain over time. This pattern is seen in Hawaiian crickets (Shaw, 1995) and in Tetragnatha (Gillespie et al, 1997) and giant Orsonwelles spiders (Hormiga et al, 2003). VOL.…”

Section: Biogeography Habitat Specialization and Speciationmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…Even so, in a recent review of island arthropod evolution, Gillespie and Roderick (2002) concluded that our understanding of the interplay between isolation and time in the development of island biotas was limited. Although the broad outlines of this interplay can be sketched, specific data on the time required for speciation and radiation by particular organisms under particular conditions is lacking (but see, for example, Hormiga et al, 2003). As Gillespie and Roderick (2002) have described, dispersal that is nearly impossible for one organism is trivial for another, discouraging generalization.…”

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confidence: 96%

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Molecular Systematics and Adaptive Radiation of Hawaii's Endemic Damselfly Genus Megalagrion (Odonata: Coenagrionidae)

Jordan¹,

Simon²,

Polhemus³

2003

Systematic Biology

128

104

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Damselflies of the endemic Hawaiian genus Megalagrion have radiated into a wide variety of habitats and are an excellent model group for the study of adaptive radiation. Past phylogenetic analysis based on morphological characters has been problematic. Here, we examine relationships among 56 individuals from 20 of the 23 described species using maximum likelihood (ML) and Bayesian phylogenetic analysis of mitochondrial (1287 bp) and nuclear (1039 bp) DNA sequence data. Models of evolution were chosen using the Akaike information criterion. Problems with distant outgroups were accommodated by constraining the best ML ingroup topology but allowing the outgroups to attach to any ingroup branch in a bootstrap analysis. No strong contradictions were obtained between either data partition and the combined data set. Areas of disagreement are mainly confined to clades that are strongly supported by the mitochondrial DNA and weakly supported by the elongation factor 1alpha data because of lack of changes. However, the combined analysis resulted in a unique tree. Correlation between Bayesian posterior probabilities and bootstrap percentages decreased in concert with decreasing information in the data partitions. In cases where nodes were supported by single characters bootstrap proportions were dramatically reduced compared with posterior probabilities. Two speciation patterns were evident from the phylogenetic analysis. First, most speciation is interisland and occurred as members of established ecological guilds colonized new volcanoes after they emerged from the sea. Second, there are several instances of rapid radiation into a variety of specialized habitats, in one case entirely within the island of Kauai. Application of a local clock procedure to the mitochondrial DNA topology suggests that two of these radiations correspond to the development of habitat on the islands of Kauai and Oahu. About 4.0 million years ago, species simultaneously moved into fast streams and plant leaf axils on Kauai, and about 1.5 million years later another group moved simultaneously to seeps and terrestrial habitats on Oahu. Results from the local clock analysis also strongly suggest that Megalagrion arrived in Hawaii about 10 million years ago, well before the emergence of Kauai. Date estimates were more sensitive to the particular node that was fixed in time than to the model of local branch evolution used. We propose a general model for the development of endemic damselfly species on Hawaiian Islands and document five potential cases of hybridization (M. xanthomelas x M. pacificum, M. eudytum x M. vagabundum, M. orobates x M. oresitrophum, M. nesiotes x M. oahuense, and M. mauka x M. paludicola).

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Section: Biogeography Habitat Specialization and Speciationmentioning

confidence: 86%

mentioning

confidence: 96%

Molecular Systematics and Adaptive Radiation of Hawaii's Endemic Damselfly Genus Megalagrion (Odonata: Coenagrionidae)

Jordan¹,

Simon²,

Polhemus³

2003

Systematic Biology

128

104

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“…Thus, by treating indel data as independent characters, larger indels will be significantly overweighted compared to smaller, equivalent indel events (Lutzoni et al, 2000;Freudenstein and Chase, 2001). The treatment of indels as fifth character states has been shown to produce identical tree topologies to trees generated by alternative indel treatments in the current mtDNA example and also in mixed data partitions (Hormiga et al, 2003). However, according to the above reasoning, it would appear inappropriate to apply fifth character state coding to intron data sets containing large and diverse indels.…”

Section: Analytical Approachesmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…The direct optimization method implemented by POY has been widely used in molecular phylogenetics (Giribet, 2001;Sanchis et al, 2001;Braband et al, 2002;Hormiga et al, 2003;Sota and Vogler, 2003;Arnedo et al, 2004), but other authors have reported that POY has failed in alignments and recovering "test" clades (Belshaw and Quicke, 2002), or has produced alignments that appear gappy and biologically unrealistic (Cognato and Vogler, 2001). The size and diversity of the indels in any given data set may contribute to misalignments using the direct optimization method, and further usage and empirical testing on other data sets is recommended.…”

Section: Analytical Approachesmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Finally, direct optimization (Wheeler, 1996;Wheeler and Gladstein, 2000) can be used, which incorporates indel events as additional transformations during the optimization step in tree evaluation instead of trying to reconcile sequence lengths by adding gaps as additional states. Unlike the above methods, which dissociate the process of aligning sequences from the phylogenetic analysis, in direct optimization, gap assignment is an intrinsic and inseparable part of parsimony inference (Cognato and Vogler, 2001;Hormiga et al, 2003).…”

Section: Indel Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Optimal Intron Analyses in the Trimeresurus Radiation of Asian Pitvipers

et al. 2006

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Nuclear introns are commonly used as phylogenetic markers, but a number of issues related to alignment strategies, indel treatments, and the incorporation of length-variant heterozygotes (LVHs) are not routinely addressed when generating phylogenetic hypotheses. Topological congruence in relation to an extensive mitochondrial DNA multigene phylogeny (derived from 2,423 bp of 12S, 16S, ND4, and CYTB genes) of the Asian pitviper Trimeresurus radiation was used to compare combinations of "by eye" and edited and unedited ClustalX 1.8 alignments of two nuclear introns. Indels were treated as missing data, fifth character states, and assigned simple and multistate codes. Upon recovery of the optimal alignment and indel treatment strategy, a total evidence approach was used to investigate the phylogenetic utility of the indels and test new generic arrangements within Trimeresurus. Approximately one third of the intron data partitions exhibited LVHs, suggesting that they are common in introns. Furthermore, a simple concatenation approach can facilitate the incorporation of LVHs into phylogenetic analyses to make use of all available data and investigate mechanisms of molecular evolution. Analyses of ClustalX 1.8-assisted alignments were generally more congruent than the "by eye" alignment and the analysis of a simple coded, edited ClustalX 1.8 (gap opening cost 5, gap extension cost 1) alignment revealed the most congruent tree. The total evidence approach supported the new arrangements within Trimeresurus, suggesting that the phylogeny should be considered as a working benchmark in Asian pitviper systematics. Finally, a critical appraisal of the diverse array of indels (56 to 57 per intron, ranging from 1 to 151 bp in length) suggested that they are a combination of Hennigian and homoplasious events unrelated to indel size or location within the intron. [Alignment; indels; intron analysis; length-variant heterozygotes; Trimeresurus.].

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Phylogeography of the prehensile‐tailed skinkCorucia zebrataon the Solomon Archipelago

Hagen

Donnellan

Bull

2012

Ecology and Evolution

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The biogeography of islands is often strongly influenced by prior geological events. Corucia zebrata (Squamata: Scincidae) is endemic to the geologically complex Solomon Archipelago in Northern Melanesia. We examined the level of divergence for different island populations of C. zebrata and discussed these patterns in light of Pleistocene land bridges, island isolation, and island age. Corucia zebrata was sampled from 14 locations across the Solomon Archipelago and sequenced at two mitochondrial genes (ND2 and ND4; 1697 bp in total) and four nuclear loci (rhodopsin, an unknown intron, AKAP9, and PTPN12). Measures of genetic divergence, analyses of genetic variation, and Bayesian phylogenetic inference were used and the data assessed in light of geological information. Populations of C. zebrata on separate islands were found to be genetically different from each other, with reciprocal monophyly on mitochondrial DNA. Populations on islands previously connected by Pleistocene land bridges were marginally less divergent from each other than from populations on other nearby but isolated islands. There are indications that C. zebrata has radiated across the eastern islands of the archipelago within the last 1–4 million years. Nuclear loci were not sufficiently informative to yield further information about the phylogeography of C. zebrata on the Solomon Archipelago. Analyses of the mitochondrial data suggest that dispersal between islands has been very limited and that there are barriers to gene flow within the major islands. Islands that have been isolated during the Pleistocene glacial cycles are somewhat divergent in their mitochondrial genotypes, however, isolation by distance (IBD) and recent colonization of isolated but geologically younger islands appear to have had stronger effects on the phylogeography of C. zebrata than the Pleistocene glacial cycles. This contrasts with patterns reported for avian taxa, and highlights the fact that biogeographic regions for island species cannot be directly extrapolated among taxa of differing dispersal ability.

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Speciation on a Conveyor Belt: Sequential Colonization of the Hawaiian Islands by Orsonwelles Spiders (Araneae, Linyphiidae)

Cited by 31 publications

References 0 publications

Molecular Systematics and Adaptive Radiation of Hawaii's Endemic Damselfly Genus Megalagrion (Odonata: Coenagrionidae)

Molecular Systematics and Adaptive Radiation of Hawaii's Endemic Damselfly Genus Megalagrion (Odonata: Coenagrionidae)

Optimal Intron Analyses in the Trimeresurus Radiation of Asian Pitvipers

Phylogeography of the prehensile‐tailed skinkCorucia zebrataon the Solomon Archipelago

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