Speciation of arsenic using solid phase extraction cartridges

Abstract

Various solid phase extraction (SPE) cartridges were investigated for speciation of arsenite [As(III)], arsenate [As(v)], monomethylarsonic acid (MMA) and dimethylarsinic acid (DMA). Cartridges containing different types of sorbent materials were tested for arsenic retention and elution characteristics. Alumina cartridges were found to completely retain all the four target arsenic species, and are suitable for removal and preconcentration purposes. For speciation analysis, different arsenic species were separated on the basis of their selective retention on and elution from specific cartridges. DMA was retained on a resin-based strong cation exchange cartridge and eluted with 1.0 M HCl. MMA and As(v) were both retained on a silica-based strong anion exchange cartridge and sequentially eluted with 60 mM acetic acid (for MMA) and 1.0 M HCl [for As(v)]. As(III) was not retained on either cartridge and remained in solution. Arsenic species in solution and those eluted from the cartridges were subsequently quantified by using flow injection with hydride generation atomic fluorescence spectrometry (FI-HGAFS) and hydride generation atomic absorption spectrometry (FI-HGAAS). A detection limit of 0.05 microg L(-1) arsenic in water sample was achieved using HGAFS. An application of the method was demonstrated at a drinking water treatment facility. As(III) and As(v) species were determined in water at various stages of treatment. The method is suitable for routine determination of trace levels of arsenic in drinking water to comply with more stringent environmental regulations.

Selective Separation of Tri- and Pentavalent Arsenic in Aqueous Matrix with a Macrocycle-Immobilized Solid-Phase Extraction System

“…The As(V) recovery rate (%) from the AN-02 MRT-SPE was analogous to the other appraised techniques. A better D L was reported for LC-SAX (Yalcin & Le 2001) or silica/AAPTS (Chen et al 2009) coupled separation techniques, while the reuse sustainability of those SPE systems was either lower or not available for comparison. The technique with the ion-exchange resin Dowex 1-X8 (Cl -form) (Smichowski et al 2002) has better method detection limit and can sustain for the same number of reuse cycles as compared to the proposed AN-02 MRT-SPE option.…”

“…The technique is cost-and time-saving compared to the traditional extraction techniques with the facility to separate a wide range of metal ions, including specific selectivity to a particular ion (Nickson et al 1995, Poole 2000, Rossi & Zhang 2000, Camel 2003. SPE techniques have been applied for the quantified analysis/speciation/separation of various trace elements, including arsenic (Liska 2000, Rossi & Zhang 2000, Yalcin & Le 2001, Camel 2003, Yu et al 2003, Sanchez et al 2009, Rahman et al 2011a, 2011b. One group of SPE material includes the macrocyclic chelants, such as crown ethers, immobilized on a silica or polymer support (Hiraoka 1982(Hiraoka , 1992, which possess the ion-selective behavior and are commonly known as molecular recognition technology (MRT) gel , Hasegawa et al 2010, Rahman et al 2011a, 2011b, 2011c, 2011d, Hasegawa et al 2013).…”

Sample Collection into Sterile Vacuum Tubes to Preserve Arsenic Speciation in Natural Water Samples

“…These methods have been developed to distinguish among different forms under field and laboratory conditions (Kumaresan and Riyazuddin 2001;Garbarino et al 2002). Field speciation analysis techniques are mostly based on the principle of isolating and separating a known species on some medium via solid-phase extraction methods (Yalcin and Le 2001). The species trapped in the medium and passed to the eluent are separately analyzed by standard methods used in total arsenic determination, as discussed by Melamed (2005).…”

The development and application of hybrid sorbents for determination and selective removal of arsenic(III) and arsenic(V) from water

“…Yalçin and Le [87] used and tested the retention and elution characteristics of different sorbent materials for As(III), As(V), MMAs(V) and DMAs(V). The authors reported that alumina retained all four arsenic species, whereas strong cation exchange resin was used for DMAs(V) eluted with 1.0M HCl and a silica-based anion exchanger was used for MMAs (V) and As(V) while MMAs(V) was eluted with 60 mM acetic acid and As(V) was eluted with 1.0M HCl.…”

“…Ion-exchange would provide a powerful analytical tool by separates and preconcentration compounds such as arsenic species [85,86], based on net surface charge [17,20]. Molecules are classified as either anions (having a negative charge) or cations (having a positive charge) [87]. Many study research have been written on the analytical applications of ion-exchange [88,89].…”