Speciation across the Earth driven by global cooling in terrestrial Orchids

Thompson, Jamie Benedict; Ho, Dodd; Wills, Matthew A.; Priest, Nicholas K.

doi:10.1101/2021.02.06.430029

Cited by 12 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 127 publications

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“…2B ). A similar influence of cooling events has been suggested in other non-Antarctic radiations 37,38 , where diversification has been linked to past changes in global temperature.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 71%

Genomics of cold adaptations in the Antarctic notothenioid fish radiation

Bista

Wood

Desvignes

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Numerous novel adaptations characterise the radiation of notothenioids, the dominant fish group in the freezing seas of the Southern Ocean. To improve understanding of the evolution of this iconic fish group, we generated and analysed new genome assemblies for 24 species covering all major subgroups of the radiation. We present a new estimate for the onset of the radiation at 10.7 million years ago, based on a time-calibrated phylogeny derived from genome-wide sequence data. We identify a two-fold variation in genome size, driven by expansion of multiple transposable element families, and use long-read sequencing data to reconstruct two evolutionarily important, highly repetitive gene family loci. First, we present the most complete reconstruction to date of the antifreeze glycoprotein gene family, whose emergence enabled survival in sub-zero temperatures, showing the expansion of the antifreeze gene locus from the ancestral to the derived state. Second, we trace the loss of haemoglobin genes in icefishes, the only vertebrates lacking functional haemoglobins, through complete reconstruction of the two haemoglobin gene clusters across notothenioid families. Finally, we show that both the haemoglobin and antifreeze genomic loci are characterised by multiple transposon expansions that may have driven the evolutionary history of these genes.

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“…2B ). A similar influence of cooling events has been suggested in other non-Antarctic radiations 37,38 , where diversification has been linked to past changes in global temperature.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 71%

Genomics of cold adaptations in the Antarctic notothenioid fish radiation

Bista

Wood

Desvignes

et al. 2022

Preprint

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“…Broadly, these results agree with recent large-scale studies of angiosperms, mammals and marine shes (Rabosky et Thompson et al, 2021;Fenton et al, 2023). However, we nd latitude is the strongest predictor in both XGBoost models (Figure 2), suggesting a primary role of latitude over covariates.…”

Section: An Atypical Latitudinal Gradientsupporting

confidence: 92%

Identifying the multiple drivers of Cactus diversification

Thompson

Hernández‐Hernández

Keeling

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Our understanding of the complexity of forces at play in the rise of major angiosperm lineages remains incomplete. The diversity and heterogeneous distribution of most angiosperm lineages is so extraordinary that it confounds our ability to identify simple drivers of diversification. Using Machine Learning in combination with phylogenetic modelling, we show that 11 separate abiotic and biotic variables significantly contribute to the diversification of Cactaceae. We reconstruct a comprehensive phylogeny, build a dataset of 39 abiotic and biotic variables, and predict the variables of central importance, accounting for interactions. We use state-dependent diversification models to confirm that a rich range of eleven abiotic and biotic variables shape Cactus diversification. Of highest importance is latitude, plant size, and growth form, with lesser importance identified in soil composition, bioclimate, topography, geographic range size, and chromosome count. Our results reveal the need to account for the complexity underlying macroevolution of iconic angiosperm families.

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“…An analysis of species richness per grid cell derived from the curated GBIF-RAINBIO dataset, showed that Central America (especially Costa Rica) and the northern Andean region (particularly Ecuador and Colombia) have the highest levels of species richness. These geographical patterns of species richness patterns are thus in agreement with the species richness distributions independently obtained through the WCVP database and support findings of studies conducted at the family level (Vitt et al, 2023) and in the Orchidoideae (Thompson et al, 2023).…”

Section: A Central American Hotspot Of Orchid Speciationsupporting

confidence: 90%

The Origin And Speciation Of Orchids

Perez-Escobar,

Bogarín,

Przelomska

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Summary⍰ Orchids constitute one of the most spectacular radiations of flowering plants. However, their geographical origin, historical spread across the globe, and hotspots of speciation remain uncertain due to the lack of a broad phylogenomic framework.⍰ We present a new Orchidaceae phylogeny based on high-throughput and Sanger sequencing datasets, covering all five subfamilies, 17/22 tribes, 40/49 subtribes, 285/736 genera, and ∼7% (1,921) of the currently 29,524 accepted species. We then use it to infer geographic range evolution, diversity, and speciation patterns by adding curated geographical distribution data through the World Checklist of Vascular Plants.⍰ Orchid’s most recent common ancestor is traced back to the Late Cretaceous in Laurasia. The modern Southeast Asian range of subfamily Apostasioideae is interpreted as relictual, matching the history of numerous clades that went extinct at higher latitudes following the global climate cooled during the Oligocene. Despite their ancient origins, modern orchid species’ diversity mainly originated over the last 5 Ma, with the fastest speciation rates found in south-eastern Central America.⍰ Our results substantially alter our understanding of the geographic origin of orchids, previously proposed as Australian, and further pinpoint the role of Central American as a region of recent and explosive speciation.

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Speciation across the Earth driven by global cooling in terrestrial Orchids

Cited by 12 publications

References 127 publications

Genomics of cold adaptations in the Antarctic notothenioid fish radiation

Genomics of cold adaptations in the Antarctic notothenioid fish radiation

Identifying the multiple drivers of Cactus diversification

The Origin And Speciation Of Orchids

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