Specialised early intervention teams (extended time) for recent-onset psychosis

Puntis, Stephen; Minichino, Amedeo; Crescenzo, Franco De; Cipriani, Andrea; Lennox, Belinda; Harrison, Rosamund

doi:10.1002/14651858.cd013287.pub2

Cited by 14 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 175 publications

(34 reference statements)

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“…In addition, members of the genus Neisseria , including the species Neisseria meningitidis , stimulate the immune system through a variety of mechanisms and invade the neurological nervous system during infection 61 . In this study, we found that the depletion of the genus Roseburia was significantly associated with the local synchronization of spontaneous activity of the right STC and the right MTC, which are related to auditory verbal hallucinations 62 , 63 and thought disturbances 64 in SZ. Dhiman et al 65 reported that Roseburia was associated with good cognitive performance, which may further support our findings.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

“…We inferred that the sensory and cognitive impairments might be related to the alteration of ReHo indexes and microbial alpha diversity in SZ. For example, gut microbial alpha diversity in SZ may be associated with visual hallucinations 62 , 67 , and this relationship could be mediated by functional brain activity in the calcarine cortex.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The gut microbiome is associated with brain structure and function in schizophrenia

Song

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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The effect of the gut microbiome on the central nervous system and its possible role in mental disorders have received increasing attention. However, knowledge about the relationship between the gut microbiome and brain structure and function is still very limited. Here, we used 16S rRNA sequencing with structural magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI) and resting-state functional (rs-fMRI) to investigate differences in fecal microbiota between 38 patients with schizophrenia (SZ) and 38 demographically matched normal controls (NCs) and explored whether such differences were associated with brain structure and function. At the genus level, we found that the relative abundance of Ruminococcus and Roseburia was significantly lower, whereas the abundance of Veillonella was significantly higher in SZ patients than in NCs. Additionally, the analysis of MRI data revealed that several brain regions showed significantly lower gray matter volume (GMV) and regional homogeneity (ReHo) but significantly higher amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation in SZ patients than in NCs. Moreover, the alpha diversity of the gut microbiota showed a strong linear relationship with the values of both GMV and ReHo. In SZ patients, the ReHo indexes in the right STC (r = − 0.35, p = 0.031, FDR corrected p = 0.039), the left cuneus (r = − 0.33, p = 0.044, FDR corrected p = 0.053) and the right MTC (r = − 0.34, p = 0.03, FDR corrected p = 0.052) were negatively correlated with the abundance of the genus Roseburia. Our results suggest that the potential role of the gut microbiome in SZ is related to alterations in brain structure and function. This study provides insights into the underlying neuropathology of SZ.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The gut microbiome is associated with brain structure and function in schizophrenia

Song

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In addition, members of the genus Neisseria, including the species Neisseria meningitidis, stimulate the immune system through a variety of mechanisms and invade the neurological nervous system during infection 53 . In this study, we found that the depletion of the genus Roseburia was signi cantly associated with the local synchronization of spontaneous activity of the right STC and the right MTC, which are related to auditory verbal hallucinations 54,55 and thought disturbances 56 in SZs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

“…We inferred that the sensory and cognitive impairments may be related to the alteration of ReHo indexes and microbial alpha diversity in SZs. For example, gut microbial alpha diversity in SZs may be associated with visual hallucinations 54,59 , and this relationship could be mediated by functional brain activity in the calcarine cortex.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Gut Microbiome Was Associated With Brain Structure and Function in Schizophrenia

Song

et al. 2021

Preprint

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The effects of the gut microbiome on the central nervous system and its possible role in mental disorders have received increasing attention. However, our knowledge about the relationship between the gut microbiome and brain structure and function is still very limited. Here, we leveraged 16S rRNA sequencing with structural magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI) and resting-state functional (rs-fMRI) to investigate differences in fecal microbiota between 38 patients with schizophrenia (SZs) and 38 demographically matched normal controls (NCs) and explored whether such differences were associated with brain structure and function. At the genus level, we found that the relative abundance of Ruminococcus and Roseburia was significantly lower, whereas the abundance of Veillonella was increased in SZs compared to NCs. Additionally, the MRI results revealed that several brain regions showed lower gray matter volume (GMV) and regional homogeneity (ReHo), but increased amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF) in SZs than in NCs. Statistical analyses were performed to explore the associations between microbial shifts and brain structure and function. Alpha diversity of gut microbiota showed a strong linear relationship with GMV and ReHo. Moreover, we found that lower ReHo indexes in the right STC (r = -0.35, p = 0.031, FDR corrected p = 0.039), the left cuneus (r = -0.33, p = 0.044, FDR corrected p = 0.053) and the right MTC (r = -0.34, p = 0.03, FDR corrected p = 0.052) were negatively correlated with a lower abundance of the genus Roseburia. This study suggests that the potential role of the gut microbiome in schizophrenia (SZ) is related to the alteration of brain structure and function, suggesting a new direction for studying the pathology of SZ.

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“…The younger the patient is, and the more severe the symptoms are, the more important it is to collaborate not just with the individual, but also with the family and other network members ( 15 ). Providing specialized early intervention to treat recent−onset psychosis is likely to have benefits: more people continue with their treatment, and the number of people who recover increases in comparison to treatment as usual (TAU) ( 16 ). Psychoeducation is also suggested to be an important part of the treatment of psychotic disorders ( 17 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychological Interventions for Young People With Psychotic Disorders: A Systematic Review

et al. 2022

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BackgroundPsychotic disorders are commonly accompanied by intense psychological burden, and psychological interventions are usually needed in order to reduce the symptoms and help in maintaining or improving the level of psychological and social functioning after the onset of psychosis. The evidence-base for treating young people at risk for psychosis and adults with psychotic disorders is accumulating. Yet, pervasive systematic literature reviews that would include patients from the full age range being the most essential period for the risk of developing a psychotic disorder, a wide range of psychological interventions, and various types of clinical trials, have been lacking. The aim of this systematic review is to fill the gap by presenting the current research evidence from clinical trials on the effectiveness of psychological interventions for treating young people (12–30) with psychotic disorders.MethodsA systematic search was conducted in PubMed and PsycINFO followed by a 3-step screening process based on the PICOS strategy. Risk of bias of the included studies was assessed by the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT). Extracted data from the included studies is reported using a narrative synthesis.ResultsOf the 1,449 publications screened, 40 from 25 studies were included in the review. Of these, 10 studies reported results from cognitive or behavioral therapy, nine from cognitive remediation therapy (CRT), and six from other types of therapies (i.e., integrative interventions combining psychoeducation and family/group interventions). All but one study found the target interventions to be effective, but the results mostly did not differ significantly from the control conditions in reducing symptoms and improving functioning, preventing relapses and hospitalization, or improving psychological or family variables. The most consistent findings were from CRT, showing more improvement in cognitive functioning compared to control conditions while not being superior in reducing symptom severity. Integrative interventions might be effective in treating young people suffering from psychotic disorders.ConclusionThere is some evidence that psychological interventions are effective for young people with psychotic disorders. However, with regard to symptom severity, psychotherapy does not outperform control conditions, and the results do not strongly favor any specific type of treatment.Systematic Review Registration[https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42020166756], identifier [CRD42020166756].

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Specialised early intervention teams (extended time) for recent-onset psychosis

Abstract: Specialised early intervention teams (extended time) for recent-onset psychosis.

Cited by 14 publications

References 175 publications

The gut microbiome is associated with brain structure and function in schizophrenia

The gut microbiome is associated with brain structure and function in schizophrenia

The Gut Microbiome Was Associated With Brain Structure and Function in Schizophrenia

Psychological Interventions for Young People With Psychotic Disorders: A Systematic Review

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