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BACKGROUND: This paper presents a review of the current literature on reproductive health problems and contraception in Russian girls. The history of the development and use of contraception in our country was considered, and the awareness, and choice of a suitable method of protection against unwanted pregnancies among Russian university students were analyzed. In addition, data on the contraceptive preferences of students in Europe, Asia, and United States were presented. The MEDLINE, Global Health, CyberLeninka, RSCI, and databases were searched for papers. Moreover, this review presents the results of the authors study aimed at determining the contraception methods preferred by third- and fifth-year female students of the I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University) and assessing the level of awareness on pregnancy planning. MATERIALS AND METHODS: An anonymous online questionnaire was administered to third- and fifth-year girls at Sechenov University. A total of 360 questionnaires (filled out on the Yandex.Forms platform) administered to female students aged 1924 years were analyzed. RESULTS: The questionnaires of 176 third- and 184 fifth-year female students were evaluated. The majority of the third-year (72.2%) and fifth-year (83.8%) students had sexual experiences. The main contraception methods among third- and fifth-year female students were barrier methods and interrupted intercourse, hormonal methods of contraception were rarely used (up to 10% of the respondents), and no experience in using intrauterine contraceptives and spermicides was reported. CONCLUSIONS: The lack of awareness among medical students on modern and reliable contraception methods and their preference for ineffective methods indicate the need to cover reproductive health issues from the first year of study.
BACKGROUND: This paper presents a review of the current literature on reproductive health problems and contraception in Russian girls. The history of the development and use of contraception in our country was considered, and the awareness, and choice of a suitable method of protection against unwanted pregnancies among Russian university students were analyzed. In addition, data on the contraceptive preferences of students in Europe, Asia, and United States were presented. The MEDLINE, Global Health, CyberLeninka, RSCI, and databases were searched for papers. Moreover, this review presents the results of the authors study aimed at determining the contraception methods preferred by third- and fifth-year female students of the I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University) and assessing the level of awareness on pregnancy planning. MATERIALS AND METHODS: An anonymous online questionnaire was administered to third- and fifth-year girls at Sechenov University. A total of 360 questionnaires (filled out on the Yandex.Forms platform) administered to female students aged 1924 years were analyzed. RESULTS: The questionnaires of 176 third- and 184 fifth-year female students were evaluated. The majority of the third-year (72.2%) and fifth-year (83.8%) students had sexual experiences. The main contraception methods among third- and fifth-year female students were barrier methods and interrupted intercourse, hormonal methods of contraception were rarely used (up to 10% of the respondents), and no experience in using intrauterine contraceptives and spermicides was reported. CONCLUSIONS: The lack of awareness among medical students on modern and reliable contraception methods and their preference for ineffective methods indicate the need to cover reproductive health issues from the first year of study.
Unplanned pregnancy can end with artificial or spontaneous termination, as well as it is also associated with the risk of complications that jeopardize safe motherhood in the future. One of the main trends in modern reproductology is the improvement and wider application of methods for planned and emergency contraception. The frequency of abortions in Russia is one of the highest worldwide; the reason of which is the poor awareness of the population about contraception devices and techniques. The significance of the problem is undeniable and important in preserving a women’s health. To solve this problem, it is necessary to increase the level of health education for both women and men in contraception and birth control. The paper presents the main known contraception types with their methods of application, advantages and disadvantages.
Relevance. Cerebral venous thrombosis is a relatively rare pathological condition that often leads to the development of ischemic and/or hemorrhagic stroke.Objective. Describe a clinical case of cerebral venous thrombosis, accompanied by the ischemic stroke with hemorrhagic transformation, in a reproductive age woman taking a combined estrogen-progestin drug from the group of oral contraceptives.Patients and methods. The analysis based on the anamnesis data, clinical, laboratory and instrumental examination of the patient.Results. A clinical case of a 23-year-old patient who had an acute ischemic stroke with hemorrhagic transformation is presented. According to the history data and instrumental methods, the stroke was caused by thrombosis of the cerebral sinuses, which developed on the background of hormonal contraception use. The clinical case is accompanied by MRI images of the patient's brain.Conclusions. The risk of cerebral venous thrombosis in women with hormonal contraceptives use is almost 8 times higher than in those who do not receive hormone therapy. The occurrence of neurological symptoms in women of reproductive age requires a thorough study of the life history, obstetric/gynecological and pharmacological history to establish the fact of estrogen-progestin drugs use for contraception or treatment of hormonal disorders. The described case focuses on the importance of a delicate approach to prescribing hormonal therapy in the treatment of gynecological and other pathological conditions, and indicates the necessity to consider and recommend other contraceptives for young patients.
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