Special Issue on Indoor Air Quality

Saraga, Dikaia

doi:10.3390/app10041501

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…In our country, a policy to implement emergency care units (UPA) has established some rules related to the physical structure of the waiting room. These sectors should have an area between 24 and 72m 2 and try to meet the minimum sizing of 1.2 m 2 /person. 21…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One of them is capable of registering a circulation of up to 3,539 cars/hour (Public Company of Transport and Circulation — EPTC). The waiting room of the pediatric emergency has an area of 60 m 2 , is 2.80 m high, has four large glazed areas and a single door to control flow (entrance/exit). The physical area is climatized by a central air equipment with a partial recirculation system, without any special filters.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This type of pollution is usually composed of products brought in by people in their shoes, clothes and utensils; besides, it can be carried through the wind when doors and windows are open. [1][2][3] It has been attracting more interest in the research field, considering that people who are exposed to a polluted indoor environment can also be more prone to acquiring diseases. 4 In this context, the evaluation of air quality in hospitals has been systematically presented due to its peculiarities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Indoor concentrations of particulate matter 2.5 in a pediatric emergency service

Cabral

Fleck

Amantéa

et al. 2022

Rev. paul. pediatr.

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Objective: To evaluate air quality in the waiting room of a pediatric emergency service considering the serial concentrations of particulate matter (PM2.5), and to determine if the number of people present in the room can have an influence on the pollutant concentrations. Methods: Cross-sectional study, carried out in the waiting room of a reference pediatric hospital in the city of Porto Alegre, conducted in a one-year period, in a continuous-time sample including all of the four seasons of the year. The monitoring of PM2.5 was performed using a real-time aerosol monitor (DustTrak II). The number of people in the room was determined every hour and the climatic characteristics per daily mean. The concentration of PM2.5 and the number of people were expressed by mean and standard deviation. The means were compared by Analysis of Variance and Pearson's correlation coefficient. Results: There was a significant increase in the concentration of PM2.5 in the autumn, when compared to other seasons (p<0.001). The pollutant increase, in this season, was accompanied by the higher number of people in the emergency room (p=0.026). The association between PM2.5 and the number of people is confirmed by the positive correlation between these two variables (r=0.738; p<0.001). Conclusions: The pediatric emergency waiting room showed elevated PM2.5 in all seasons. The number of people in the room had a positive correlation with the concentration of the pollutant in the environment.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Indoor concentrations of particulate matter 2.5 in a pediatric emergency service

Cabral

Fleck

Amantéa

et al. 2022

Rev. paul. pediatr.

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“…composed out of fungi), so at least one part of the population may be evolving living cells. In any case, people in developed countries spend about 90% of their time indoors [183]. The extracellular life, for majority, does not seem to be on the horizon in near future.…”

Section: Metabolism Of Earthmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Solar System: Nature and Mechanics

Ljubičić

2024

Preprint

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Origin, mechanics and properties of the Solar System are analysed in the framework of the Complete Relativity theory (by the same author). According to Complete Relativity, everything is relative. Any apparent absolutism (notably scale invariance of dimensional constants, absolute elementariness, invariance to time) is an illusion stemming from limits imposed by [or on] polarized observers that will inevitably lead to misinterpretation of phenomena (another illusion) occurring on non-directly observable scales, or even on observable scales but distant or lowly resolved energies, in space or time. The analysis confirms the postulates and hypotheses of the theory (eg. existence of discrete vertical energy levels) with a significant degree of confidence. During the analysis, some new hypotheses have emerged. These are discussed and confirmed with various degrees of confidence (in this and follow-up papers). Main conclusions that stem from my research and are further confirmed, with more or less confidence, in this paper are: - universes are, indeed, completely relative, - Solar System is a scaled (inflated, in some interpretations) Carbon/Beryllium isotope equivalent with a nucleus in a partially condensed state and components localized in various vertically excited states, - life is common everywhere, but presence of extroverted complex forms on planetary surfaces is generally very limited in time, - anthropogenic climate change is probably only a part of a major mass extinction event (although humanity definitely has a role, the sense of control is an illusion), - major extinction events on a surface of a planet are relative extinctions, may be a regular part of transformation and migration of life below the surface in the process of a planetary [equivalent of] neurogenesis.

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“…The results can be used for building assessments, e.g., [50][51][52][53]. In further studies, the authors should tend to analyse the dependence of the proposed delay factor in the emissions model (17) with the VOC diffusion coefficients characteristic for a specific multilayer floor system, and the next research intention is to validate the obtained results using the same-floor systems in the real indoor environments of case-study buildings.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Ability to Control VOC Emissions from Multilayer Building Materials

2021

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The work aimed to investigate which parameters of the electrically powered radiant floor heating system are connected with the intensity of VOC total emissions and emissions from individual layers, which can be effectively changed and controlled to obtain energy savings in the ventilation process. For this purpose, experimental studies of VOC emissions from specially designed LRFHS samples (Laboratory Radiant Floor Heating System) were carried out, along with simulations of real thermal conditions of samples of layered systems containing separate heaters and various materials layers. The TD-GC-MS chromatography was used to assess the trends of VOCs concentration changes in 480 h in a test chamber (simulating real conditions) for several LRFHS systems of multilayer construction products with built-in individual heating systems, in two stabilised temperatures, 23 °C and 33 °C, two stabilised relative humidities, 50% and 80% and three air exchanges per hour ACH on levels 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5. The obtained results indicate that the models used to determine emissions from single-layer products correspond to the description of emissions from multilayer systems only to a limited extent; some inner layers of floor systems are giving diffusion resistance or intensification of diffusion. A new emission model is proposed. The time-emission concentration curves for dry and wet environments differ significantly; reducing the VOC concentration in the air for the number of exchanges above 1.0 ACH is relatively inefficient. Authors also mapped out new research directions; for example, the experiment showed that not all of the VOC contaminants are ventilated just as easily and perhaps, considering their concentration of resistant impurities, chemical structure and diffusion resistance through the layers, there is a need to determine their weights.

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Special Issue on Indoor Air Quality

Abstract: It is a fact that people in developed countries spend almost 90% of their time indoors, where they experience their greatest exposures [...]

Cited by 3 publications

References 16 publications

Indoor concentrations of particulate matter 2.5 in a pediatric emergency service

Indoor concentrations of particulate matter 2.5 in a pediatric emergency service

The Solar System: Nature and Mechanics

The Ability to Control VOC Emissions from Multilayer Building Materials

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