Special Electromagnetic Agents: From Cold Plasma to Pulsed Electromagnetic Radiation

Lukeš, Petr; Akiyama, H.; Jiang, Chunqi; Doria, A.; Gallerano, Gian Piero; Ramundo-Orlando, Alfonsina; Romeo, Stefania; Scarfì, Maria Rosaria; Zeni, Olga

doi:10.1007/978-4-431-56095-1_3

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…The Fe functions in plants include its involvement in many physiological and biochemical processes, such as photosynthesis, respiration, and protein formation [3]. Photosystem II (PS-II) also loses its efficiency due to low photosynthetic electron sources to Fe-depleted plants [4]. As a result, Fe deficiency causes stunned root, leaf chlorosis, and poor maturation in plants [1,5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth and physiological impairments in Fe-starved alfalfa are associated with the downregulation of Fe and S transporters along with redox imbalance

Rahman

Ahmed

Alotaibi

et al. 2021

Chem. Biol. Technol. Agric.

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Background Iron (Fe) is an essential plant nutrient. Its deficiency is a major constraint in crop production systems, affecting crop yield and quality. It is therefore important to elucidate the responses and adaptive mechanisms underlying Fe-deficiency symptoms in alfalfa. Materials and methods The experiment was carried out on 12-day-old alfalfa plants grown in hydroponics under Fe-sufficient and Fe-deficient conditions. Results The Fe-starved alfalfa showed decreased plant biomass, chlorophyll score, PSII efficiency, and photosynthesis performance index in young leaves under low Fe. Further, Fe shortage reduced the Fe, Zn, S and Ca concentration in root and shoot of alfalfa accompanied by the marked decrease of MsIRT1, MsZIP, MsSULTR1;1, MsSULTR1;2 and MsSULTR1;3 transcripts in root and shoot. It indicates that retardation caused by Fe-deficiency was also associated with the status of other elements, especially the reduced Fe and S may be coordinately attributed to the photosynthetic damages in Fe-deficient alfalfa. The ferric chelate reductase activity accompanied by the expression of MsFRO1 in roots showed no substantial changes, indicating the possible involvement of this Strategy I response in Fe-deficient alfalfa. However, the proton extrusion and expression of MsHAI1 were significantly induced following Fe-deficiency. In silico analysis further suggested their subcellular localization in the plasma membrane. Also, the interactome map suggested the partnership of MsFRO1 with plasma membrane H+-ATPase, transcription factor bHLH47, and nitrate reductase genes, while MsHAI1 partners include ferric reductase-like transmembrane component, plasma membrane ATPase, vacuolar-type H-pyrophosphatase, and general regulatory factor 2. In this study, SOD and APX enzymes showed a substantial increase in roots but unable to restore the oxidative damages in Fe-starved alfalfa. Conclusion These findings promote further studies for the improvement of Fe-starved alfalfa or legumes through breeding or transgenic approaches. Graphic Abstract

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%