Spawning time of two shallow-water brittle stars

Soong, Keryea; Lin, Yenju; Chao, Shyh-Min; Chang, Dan

doi:10.3354/meps07804

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Although the Ophiocomidae have a marked life history diversity , our knowledge of the reproductive biology of these ophiuroids is patchy and is largely based on studies of Ophiocoma species with planktotrophic development (Hendler 1979(Hendler ,1991Soong et al 2009). Our data for four species provide the opportunity to place reproduction and egg morphology in ophiocomids in context with that determined for other ophiuroids.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reproductive biology of four ophiocomid ophiuroids in tropical and temperate Australia – reproductive cycle and oogenic strategies in species with different modes of development

Falkner

Barbosa

Byrne

2013

Invertebrate Reproduction & Development

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The Ophiocomidae, a species-rich family of ophiuroid echinoderms, encompasses a range of developmental modes. We investigated the reproductive biology of four species: Ophiocoma dentata with planktotrophic development and a small egg, and three species with lecithotrophic development and eggs that differ in size (Clarkcoma pulchra, C. canaliculata and O. endeani). Reproduction was investigated by in situ observations, spawning trials and/or gonad histology. Gonad histology of O. dentata from the Northern and Southern Great Barrier Reef indicated that spawning occurs for six to seven months from January to June/July. Gonads of O. endeani, an endemic of subtropical New South Wales, were mature from December to February. In situ observations of two populations of C. pulchra and C. canaliculata in the Sydney region indicated they spawn from December to May. Egg morphology showed modifications in oogenesis associated with the evolution of a large egg, particularly in enhanced deposition of lipid. The eggs of O. dentata, a planktotrophic developer, contained densely packed, strong periodic acid Schiff's þ yolk granules and were negatively buoyant. The eggs of species with lecithotrophic development were dominated by lipid droplets indicating that the evolutionary modification of oogenesis resulted in differences in yolk granule and lipid droplet distribution potentially influenced by selection for egg buoyancy.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reproductive biology of four ophiocomid ophiuroids in tropical and temperate Australia – reproductive cycle and oogenic strategies in species with different modes of development

Falkner

Barbosa

Byrne

2013

Invertebrate Reproduction & Development

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“…Ostracods also have relatively fast generation times (on the order of months), which can be modified somewhat by adjusting the temperature of the water, as is common among ostracods [31][32][33]76,77 . In comparison, fireflies are usually on a six-month to one-year life cycle that is difficult to alter [78][79][80] , and some brittle stars appear to spawn only seasonally 81,82 . Furthermore, culture of an organism (Vargula tsujii) from a clade with an independent origin of autogenic bioluminescence allows for comparative studies between luminescence in ostracods and the autogenic bioluminescence found in fireflies 17 or other organisms, which would not otherwise be possible.…”

Section: Benefits Of Completing the Life Cyclementioning

confidence: 99%

Laboratory culture of the California Sea Firefly Vargula tsujii (Ostracoda: Cypridinidae): Developing a model system for the evolution of marine bioluminescence

Goodheart

Minsky

Brynjegard-Bialik

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Bioluminescence, or the production of light by living organisms via chemical reaction, is widespread across Metazoa. Laboratory culture of bioluminescent organisms from diverse taxonomic groups is important for determining the biosynthetic pathways of bioluminescent substrates, which may lead to new tools for biotechnology and biomedicine. Some bioluminescent groups may be cultured, including some cnidarians, ctenophores, and brittle stars, but those use luminescent substrates (luciferins) obtained from their diets, and therefore are not informative for determination of the biosynthetic pathways of the luciferins. Other groups, including terrestrial fireflies, do synthesize their own luciferin, but culturing them is difficult and the biosynthetic pathway for firefly luciferin remains unclear. An additional independent origin of endogenous bioluminescence is found within ostracods from the family Cypridinidae, which use their luminescence for defense and, in Caribbean species, for courtship displays. Here, we report the first complete life cycle of a luminous ostracod (Vargula tsujii Kornicker & Baker, 1977, the California Sea Firefly) in the laboratory. We also describe the late-stage embryogenesis of Vargula tsujii and discuss the size classes of instar development. We find embryogenesis in V. tsujii ranges from 25–38 days, and this species appears to have five instar stages, consistent with ontogeny in other cypridinid lineages. We estimate a complete life cycle at 3–4 months. We also present the first complete mitochondrial genome for Vargula tsujii. Bringing a luminous ostracod into laboratory culture sets the stage for many potential avenues of study, including learning the biosynthetic pathway of cypridinid luciferin and genomic manipulation of an autogenic bioluminescent system.

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Male-biased sex ratios of Tripneustes gratilla around Taiwan

Soong

Hsu

et al. 2021

Regional Studies in Marine Science

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Spawning time of two shallow-water brittle stars

Cited by 6 publications

References 22 publications

Reproductive biology of four ophiocomid ophiuroids in tropical and temperate Australia – reproductive cycle and oogenic strategies in species with different modes of development

Reproductive biology of four ophiocomid ophiuroids in tropical and temperate Australia – reproductive cycle and oogenic strategies in species with different modes of development

Laboratory culture of the California Sea Firefly Vargula tsujii (Ostracoda: Cypridinidae): Developing a model system for the evolution of marine bioluminescence

Male-biased sex ratios of Tripneustes gratilla around Taiwan

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