Spawning of the chilean hake (<i>Merluccius gayi</i>) in the upwelling system off Talcahuano in relation to oceanographic features

Larval fish assemblages off central Chile upwelling ecosystem

“…In this sense, over the Oregon shelf it has been described that during upwelling season the Astoria Canyon causes currents to flow landward (Hickey 1997), carrying and concentrating normally offshore organisms closer to shore (Bosley et al 2004, Parnell et al 2008. In our study, the occurrence of demersal and oceanic larval fishes such as lightfish Maurolicus parvipinnis, hake M. gayi, bigeye flounder H. macrops and rockfish S. capensis over shelf during October may be the result of advective processes associated to upwelling events occurring at shelf break and/or through submarine canyons of Itata and Biobio rivers (transport from shelf break to coastal waters through the subsurface flow that compensates the offshore surface Ekman layer, , Vargas & Castro 2001, Landaeta & Castro 2002, Landaeta et al 2006 and/or by retention near headlands in upwelling shadows during the upwelling relaxation (Wing et al 1998) or in proximity of frontal areas (Bjorkstedt et al 2002), rather than spawning events near the coast (Landaeta & Castro 2006a).…”

Distributions and assemblages of larval fish in the East China Sea during the northeasterly and southwesterly monsoon seasons of 2008

“…These features act as mechanisms of enrichment, concentration, and retention of larval fish, affecting their survival and production (Okazaki et al, 2002;Hsieh et al, 2011). This biological-physical relationship has been observed in estuarine systems (Queiroga et al, 1997;DiBacco et al, 2001), shelf-break fronts Chen et al, 2012), and upwelling areas (Vargas and Castro, 2001;Yannicelli et al, 2006).…”

Temporal fluctuations of nearshore ichthyoplankton off Valparaíso, central Chile, during the ENSO cycle 1997-2000

“…Recently, Funes-Rodríguez et al (2006) Throughout our study, larval hake was the dominant taxon. The Valparaíso area has been identified as one of the most important spawning areas of Merluccius gayi in Chile (Bernal et al 1997, Balbontín & Bravo 1999, Vargas & Castro 2001. Although spawning of the Chilean hake may occur offshore in the vicinity of the shelf-break (Vargas & Castro 2001), during certain periods adult hake reproduce near the coast (< 8 km from shore, Bernal et al 1997, Landaeta & Castro 2006a.…”

“…The Valparaíso area has been identified as one of the most important spawning areas of Merluccius gayi in Chile (Bernal et al 1997, Balbontín & Bravo 1999, Vargas & Castro 2001. Although spawning of the Chilean hake may occur offshore in the vicinity of the shelf-break (Vargas & Castro 2001), during certain periods adult hake reproduce near the coast (< 8 km from shore, Bernal et al 1997, Landaeta & Castro 2006a. Our data also showed that highest larval densities of M. gayi were collected at the onset and the end of the El Niño phase, but during La Niña, larval hake appeared more frequently in the samples; the highest value of larval abundance obtained during this cold period occurred when Ekman transport was low.…”