Spatiotemporally Controlled Nanoliter‐Scale Reconfigurable Microfluidics

Genualdi, Michael D.; Gracias, David H.

doi:10.1002/9780470622636.ch2

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

References 70 publications

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“…[6][7][8] PAHs may be produced through geological processes or incomplete combustion of organic matter. 6,9 Atmospheric PAHs 6,10,11 undergo long-range atmospheric transport, [12][13][14][15] which has implications for human health worldwide. 16 Furthermore, PAHs undergo phototransformation into PAHtransformation products (PAH-TPs) via reactions with atmospheric oxidants, such as hydroxyl radicals (OH•) and nitrogen oxides (NOx).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating Computational and Structural Approaches to Predict Transformation Products of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons

Titaley

Walden

Dorn

et al. 2018

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) undergo transformation reactions with atmospheric photochemical oxidants, such as hydroxyl radicals (OH•), nitrogen oxides (NOx), and ozone (O 3 ). The most common PAH-transformation products (PAH-TPs) are nitrated-, oxygenated-, and hydroxylated-PAHs (NPAHs, OPAHs, and OHPAHs, respectively), some of which are known to pose potential human health concerns. We sampled four theoretical approaches for predicting the location of reactive sites on PAHs (i.e., the carbon where atmospheric oxidants attack), and hence the chemoselectivity of the PAHs. All computed results are based on Density Functional Theory (B3LYP/6-31G(d) optimized structures and energies). The four approaches are: 1) Clar's prediction of aromatic resonance structures, 2) thermodynamic stability of all OHPAH adduct intermediates, 3) computed atomic charges (Natural Bond order, ChelpG, and Mulliken) at each carbon on the PAH, and 4) average local ionization energy (ALIE) at atom or bond sites. To evaluate the accuracy of these approaches, the predicted PAH-TPs were compared to published laboratory observations of major NPAH, OPAH, and OHPAH products in both gas-and particlephases. We found that the Clar's resonance structures were able to predict the least stable rings on the PAHs but did not offer insights in terms of which individual carbon is most reactive. The OHPAH adduct thermodynamics and the ALIE approaches were the most accurate when *

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