Spatiotemporal variations and risk assessment of ambient air O3, PM10 and PM2.5 in a coastal city of China

Wang, Lichao; Xing, Lijuan; Wu, Xiankun; Sun, Jie; Kong, Ming

doi:10.1007/s10646-020-02295-0

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…In China, W126 of April–September calculated by 243 observation stations increased by 16.3% annually from 2013 to 2019 (Lu et al., 2020) and monthly averaged W126 of 1,497 stations exceeded the standard level (7–21 ppm‐h) by 1.2 times for 2015–2016 (Li et al., 2018). The observed W126 were 17.1–54.2 ppm‐h in Sichuan Basin cities (Cao et al., 2020) in 2018 and 29.0 ppm‐h in Yancheng (Wang et al., 2020) in 2019, which all far exceeded the minimum of US standard level (7 ppm‐h). The W126 from April to September for 2018−2020 reduced by 28.6%, 9.8%, 6.7% and 23.1%, respectively, in Pearl River Delta, Yangtze River Delta, Chengdu‐Chongqing and Fen Wei Plain because of the reduction of ozone for Three‐year Action Plan on ozone pollution (Zhao et al., 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Future Ozone Changes and Their Impacts on Vegetation and Human Health in China Under the Shared Socio‐Economic Pathways

Xu,

Mao,

Liao

2024

JGR Atmospheres

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Ozone concentrations in China are increasing in recent years and future changes of ozone and their impacts have attracted much attention. We use global chemical transport model (GEOS‐Chem) to simulate the surface ozone concentrations in China in 2020 and 2050 under four Shared Socio‐economic Pathways and evaluate the impacts of future ozone pollution on vegetation and premature mortality in four polluted regions (Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei, BTH; Yangtze River Delta, YRD; Pearl River Delta, PRD; Sichuan Basin, SCB) and three major crop growing areas (Huang–Huai–Hai, HHH; Northeast Plain, NEP; middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River, MLRY) in China. The changes of simulated seasonal maximum daily 8‐hr average (MDA8) ozone from 2020 to 2050 (−15.5 to +11.9 ppbv) are significant under SSP126 (low forcing pathway) and SSP245 (medium forcing pathway) scenarios in all regions due to large changes of emissions. MDA8 ozone in summer 2050 will be above the WHO guidelines (100 μg/m3) in BTH, YRD, HHH and MLRY under four scenarios. By 2050, W126 (vegetative ozone exposure index) in summer will be much above the maximum of US secondary standard (21 ppm‐h) in HHH under SSP245, SSP370 (medium to high forcing pathway) and SSP585 (high forcing pathway) scenarios, and in MLRY under SSP370 and SSP585 scenarios. Annual ozone‐related deaths for people over 30 years old will mainly decrease in four polluted areas from 2020 to 2050 under SSPs scenarios, but only increase much under SSP245 scenario in BTH (+3.1 to +4.2 thousand) and YRD (+1.1 to +1.6 thousand).

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Future Ozone Changes and Their Impacts on Vegetation and Human Health in China Under the Shared Socio‐Economic Pathways

Xu,

Mao,

Liao

2024

JGR Atmospheres

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“…Isopentane concentrations (11.8 µg•m −3 ) were high throughout the seasons, with the highest concentrations in the summer (20.8 µg•m −3 ), followed by spring (12.0 µg•m −3 ) and autumn (6.1 µg•m −3 ). As isopentane is a VOC commonly emitted by gasoline volatilization, its high concentrations were attributed to the extensive emissions from gasoline vehicles [4]. Ethane (5.9 µg•m −3 ) was the second most emitted VOC, and its concentration was lower in the summer (5.5 µg•m −3 ) than in the spring (6.6 µg•m −3 ) and autumn (6.4 µg•m −3 ).…”

Section: Situation Of Sampling Point Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, PM 2.5 and PM 10 concentrations decreased by 30-33% between 2015 and 2019 in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, and by 7-13% in the Pearl River Delta [1,2]. Conversely, ozone air pollution has continued to rise, and ozone has become a priority pollutant in many Chinese cities during the summer [3,4]. Ozone pollution is addressed in the ambient air quality standards issued by the Chinese Ministry of Environmental Protection in 2016, and it is Atmosphere 2022, 13, 393 2 of 16 the only air pollutant whose concentration has increased over the past few years [5][6][7][8][9][10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sources and Seasonal Variance of Ambient Volatile Organic Compounds in the Typical Industrial City of Changzhi, Northern China

et al. 2022

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Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted from industrial processes, which are major emission sources of air pollutants, could cause significant impacts on air quality. However, studies on the comprehensive analysis from sources contributing to the health risk perspective regarding ambient VOCs in industrial cities are limited. In this study, VOC samples were collected from 15 April 2018 to 19 October 2018 in Changzhi, a typical industrial city in northern China, and a total of 57 VOCs were measured for analysis. The average VOC concentrations were 54.4 µg·m−3, with the highest concentrations in autumn (58.4 µg·m−3). Ambient VOCs in spring, summer and autumn were all dominated by alkanes (66.8%), with contributions of 70.3%, 66.3% and 63.8%, respectively. The top five concentrations of total VOCs were isopentane (19.0%), ethane (9.5%), n-butane (8.1%), benzene (7.9%) and propane (5.2%), indicating that vehicle exhaust and coal combustion are the main sources of VOCs. Source apportionment by principal component analysis showed that vehicle exhaust (27.5%) and coal combustion (23.5%) were the main sources of VOCs in Changzhi, followed by industrial production (17.4%), solvent evaporation (13.5%), liquefied petroleum gas/natural gas leaking (9.5%), and biogenic emissions (8.7%). Sources of coal combustion and vehicle exhaust contributed more VOCs than industrial production. The carcinogenic risks of benzene (3.4 × 10−5) and ethylbenzene (2.2 × 10−6) were higher than the limit levels (1 × 10−6). Coal combustion contributed most (25.3%) to the carcinogenic risks because of its high VOC emissions. In an industrial city such as Changzhi, vehicle exhaust and coal combustion have become major sources of ambient air VOCs owing to the increasingly stringent industrial standards. Therefore, VOCs from vehicle exhaust and coal combustion also need to take into account mitigation measures for VOCs from the perspective of source contribution to health risk.

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“…In this study, health risks associated with O 3 and PM 2.5 via the inhalation route were calculated according to the recommended methods of the U.S. EPA and previously reported studies [27,28]. Exposure concentrations (EC) of O 3 and PM 2.5 were calculated according to Equation (5).…”

Section: Health Risk Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regional Air Pollutant Characteristics and Health Risk Assessment of Large Cities in Northeast China

Fang

Gao

et al. 2021

Atmosphere

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This study systematically investigated the pollution characteristics of atmospheric O3 and PM2.5, regional transport, and their health risks in three provincial capitals in northeast China during 2016–2020. The results show that O3 concentrations showed a trend of high summer and low winter, while PM2.5 concentrations showed a trend of high winter and low summer during these five years. The results of the correlation analysis indicate that external sources contribute more O3, while PM2.5 is more from local sources. The backward trajectory clustering analysis results showed that Changchun had the highest share of northwest trajectory with a five-year average value of 67.89%, and the city with the highest percentage of southwest trajectory was Shenyang with a five-year average value of 23.95%. The backward trajectory clustering analysis results showed that the share of the northwest trajectory decreased and the share of the southwest trajectory increased for all three cities in 2020 compared to 2016. The results of the potential source contribution function (PSCF) and concentration weighting trajectory (CWT) analysis showed that the main potential source areas and high concentration contribution areas for PM2.5 in the northeast were concentrated in Mongolia, Inner Mongolia, Shandong Province, and the northeast, and for O3 were mainly located in Shandong, Anhui, and Jiangsu Provinces, and the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea. The non-carcinogenic risk of PM2.5 in Harbin was high with a HQ of 2.04, while the other cities were at acceptable levels (HQ < 0.69) and the non-carcinogenic risk of O3 was acceptable in all three cities (HQ < 0.22). However, PM2.5 had a high carcinogenic risk (4 × 10−4 < CR < 0.44) and further treatment is needed to reduce the risk.

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Spatiotemporal variations and risk assessment of ambient air O3, PM10 and PM2.5 in a coastal city of China

Cited by 6 publications

References 36 publications

Future Ozone Changes and Their Impacts on Vegetation and Human Health in China Under the Shared Socio‐Economic Pathways

Future Ozone Changes and Their Impacts on Vegetation and Human Health in China Under the Shared Socio‐Economic Pathways

Sources and Seasonal Variance of Ambient Volatile Organic Compounds in the Typical Industrial City of Changzhi, Northern China

Regional Air Pollutant Characteristics and Health Risk Assessment of Large Cities in Northeast China

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