Spatiotemporal self-similar fiber laser

Teğin, Uğur; Kakkava, Eirini; Rahmani, Babak; Psaltis, Demetri; Moser, Christophe

doi:10.1364/optica.6.001412

Cited by 112 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…The reported pulses lead to pulse energies of 2.4 nJ with output beam M 2 value <1.4. 12 Although a better beam profile was reported compared to previous results, the single-mode beam profile (M 2 ∼ 1) could not be achieved due to the limitations of amplifier similariton pulse type such as the degradation of pulse quality and peak power with increasing pulse energy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 67%

“…Numerical simulations for mode-locked pulse formation are conducted for the model used by Tegin et al 12 For GRIN MMF sections of the cavity, a multimode nonlinear Schrödinger equation 14 is solved by considering the five linearly polarized modes (more details of simulations can be found in Supplementary Discussion I in the Supplementary Material). Simplifications such as simulating few-mode fiber sections as single mode to decrease the computation time and defining coupling ratios before and after the GRIN MMF sections to mimic the effect of splice points are performed.…”

Section: Multimode Oscillator Simulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Here, the utilized fibers are intentionally selected to be identical with the fibers used in the spatiotemporally mode-locked laser literature (GRIN MMF with 50 μm core diameter and Yb MMF with 10 μm core diameter). [9][10][11][12] The GRIN MMF supports 240 modes and Yb MMF supports three modes around 1 μm central wavelength.…”

Section: Experimental Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Single-mode output by controlling the spatiotemporal nonlinearities in mode-locked femtosecond multimode fiber lasers

et al. 2020

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The performance of fiber mode-locked lasers is limited due to the high nonlinearity induced by the spatial confinement of the single-mode fiber core. To massively increase the pulse energy of the femtosecond pulses, amplification is performed outside the oscillator. Recently, spatiotemporal mode-locking has been proposed as a new path to fiber lasers. However, the beam quality was highly multimode, and the calculated threshold pulse energy (>100 nJ) for nonlinear beam self-cleaning was challenging to realize. We present an approach to reach high energy per pulse directly in the mode-locked multimode fiber oscillator with a near single-mode output beam. Our approach relies on spatial beam self-cleaning via the nonlinear Kerr effect, and we demonstrate a multimode fiber oscillator with M 2 < 1.13 beam profile, up to 24 nJ energy, and sub-100 fs compressed duration. Nonlinear beam self-cleaning is verified both numerically and experimentally for the first time in a mode-locked multimode laser cavity. The reported approach is further power scalable with larger core sized fibers up to a certain level of modal dispersion and could benefit applications that require high-power ultrashort lasers with commercially available optical fibers.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 67%

Section: Multimode Oscillator Simulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Single-mode output by controlling the spatiotemporal nonlinearities in mode-locked femtosecond multimode fiber lasers

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“…3e, demonstrates that the optimization of the mode profile is less sensitive than that of the optical power, and obvious intensity enhancement (by 5%) of the targeted area occurs only after~100 generations of breeding. It is worth noting that spatiotemporal self-similar evolution 28 and Kerr nonlinear cleaning 8 have also been demonstrated as powerful approaches for improving the beam quality in MMF systems. Here, instead, cleaning of the mode profile in the MMF laser using wavefront shaping leads to the generation of a high-quality beam in a genetic manner.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Harnessing a multi-dimensional fibre laser using genetic wavefront shaping

et al. 2020

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The multi-dimensional laser is a fascinating platform not only for the discovery and understanding of new higherdimensional coherent lightwaves but also for the frontier study of the complex three-dimensional (3D) nonlinear dynamics and solitary waves widely involved in physics, chemistry, biology and materials science. Systemically controlling coherent lightwave oscillation in multi-dimensional lasers, however, is challenging and has largely been unexplored; yet, it is crucial for both designing 3D coherent light fields and unveiling any underlying nonlinear complexities. Here, for the first time, we genetically harness a multi-dimensional fibre laser using intracavity wavefront shaping technology such that versatile lasing characteristics can be manipulated. We demonstrate that the output power, mode profile, optical spectrum and mode-locking operation can be genetically optimized by appropriately designing the objective function of the genetic algorithm. It is anticipated that this genetic and systematic intracavity control technology for multi-dimensional lasers will be an important step for obtaining high-performance 3D lasing and presents many possibilities for exploring multi-dimensional nonlinear dynamics and solitary waves that may enable new applications.

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“…Multimode fibers (MMFs) have found applications in several fields in the last decades mainly in telecommunication and imaging 1,2 . In recent years, spatiotemporal nonlinearities in MMFs, have become the subject of strong interest in various fundamental and applied areas, from single-pass propagation to spatiotemporally mode-locked laser cavities [3][4][5] . In the single-pass nonlinear propagation studies, by using different pulse types from visible to IR wavelengths with a Gaussian beam profile numerous interesting phenomenon [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] including spatiotemporal instability, self-beam cleaning and supercontinuum generation are reported with graded-index multimode fibers (GRIN MMFs).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Controlling spatiotemporal nonlinearities in multimode fibers with deep neural networks

et al. 2020

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Spatiotemporal nonlinear interactions in multimode fibers are of interest for beam shaping and frequency conversion by exploiting the nonlinear propagation of different pump regimes from quasi-continuous wave to ultrashort pulses centered around visible to infrared pump wavelengths. The nonlinear effects in multi-mode fibers depend strongly on the excitation condition, however relatively little work has been reported on this subject. Here, we present the first machine learning approach to learn and control the nonlinear frequency conversion inside multimode fibers by tailoring the excitation condition via deep neural networks. Trained with experimental data, deep neural networks are adapted to learn the relation between the spatial beam profile of the pump pulse and the spectrum generation. For different user-defined target spectra, network-suggested beam shapes are applied and control over the cascaded Raman scattering and supercontinuum generation processes are achieved. Our results present a novel method to tune the spectra of a broadband source.

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Spatiotemporal self-similar fiber laser

Cited by 112 publications

References 32 publications

Single-mode output by controlling the spatiotemporal nonlinearities in mode-locked femtosecond multimode fiber lasers

Single-mode output by controlling the spatiotemporal nonlinearities in mode-locked femtosecond multimode fiber lasers

Harnessing a multi-dimensional fibre laser using genetic wavefront shaping

Controlling spatiotemporal nonlinearities in multimode fibers with deep neural networks

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