Spatiotemporal Sediment Nutrient Dynamics of Kware Lake, Nigeria

Abstract

Kware Lake provides life to various forms of aqua flora and fauna, livelihood for fishermen community and food for the local populace. The study was conducted to evaluate nutrient dynamics of the lake's sediment for a period of 12 months (June 2014 to May 2015). Results reveal that some of the variables studied did not show any variation due to space and time but electrical conductivity (EC), phosphate (PO43-), potassium, sodium and clay texture were able to vary according to months, seasons and stations. They recorded range of 101.3-113 µs/cm, 0.97-1.24 g/Kg, 0.29-0.37 g/kg, 0.62-0.77 g/kg, and 13-14 g/kg respectively. Results therefore suggest and confirmed that sediment has a high accumulation of phosphate, due to decomposition on the sediment bed and low nitrate level in sediment than in surface water.

Spatiotemporal Modeling of Nutrient Retention in a Tropical Semi-Arid Basin

“…These results concurred with the findings of [14, 18 and 20]. Explicitly, [14] claimed that low quantities of nitrate, nitrite, and ammonia (derivatives of N) and orthophosphates in Kware Lake is an indication of fitness of the surface water for multipurpose uses especially during the dry season. [18] stated that seasonal variation of N and P in surface water of the Sokoto River…”

“…[12] underscored that sediment characterisation of agrarian landscapes of the Shanxi Province of China had altered some features of the local hydrology. Within the context of Nigeria, studies such as [14,[17][18][19][20] suggest that the country is not invulnerable to the realities of this problem particularly to water quality and river eutrophication.…”

“…Studies have also shown that the water quality of the surface water and groundwater ecosystem of the Sokoto-Rima basin of north-western Nigeria has been altered by series of anthropogenic activities ranging from local industrial effluent discharge into streams [18,19] as well as manure and fertilizer in-washing into water bodies [14,18,20,21]. Specifically, [14] used the point-based sample collection method to analyse to affirm the temporal variations of N and P derivatives of the Kware Lake in within the Sokoto-Rima which is traceable to human-induced sedimentation of the freshwater ecosystem. Similarly, [18] analysed physicochemical parameters of water samples collected along defined points along the Sokoto River to determine seasonal variations of its water quality.…”

“…In controlling non-point source nutrient discharges particularly in areas of intense application of chemical fertilizers to enhance maximum outputs, ecosystems provide natural measures for amelioration such that vegetation can remove pollutants via tissue storage or aiding natural cycling in another form [12,13]. In addition, non-polluted soil as well as wetlands provide suitable pollution-mitigation by providing nutrient storage prior to in-washing into hydrological systems [13][14][15]. In the engagement of pollution control measures particularly within agrarian circles, nutrient loads are often assessed by estimating the proportion of specific nutrients that are present within identifiable non-point sources across the landscape.…”

“…In the engagement of pollution control measures particularly within agrarian circles, nutrient loads are often assessed by estimating the proportion of specific nutrients that are present within identifiable non-point sources across the landscape. Two of the most common pollutants in virtually any landscape is nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) from different environmental sources [12][13][14]. Studies across the semi-arid hydrologic basins suggests that N and P driven nutrient load exists in higher proportion within crop cultivation dominated areas than any other discernible landcover class.…”