Spatiotemporal Response of Currents and Mixing to the Interaction of Tides and River Runoff in a Mesotidal Estuary

Khadami, Faruq; Kawanisi, Kiyosi; Sawaf, Mohamad Basel Al; Gusti, Gillang Noor Nugrahaning; Xiao, Chenchao

doi:10.1007/s12601-022-00056-0

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…A decrease in the amplitude ratio in Figure 6 indicates that role of river discharge in tidal dumping increases (Kukulka & Jay, 2003;Matte et al, 2019). The influence of river discharge dominates the dynamics in estuaries when the river discharge more than tidal discharge (Horrevoets et al, 2004;Khadami et al, 2022;Matte et al, 2019). The critical number of the damping is determined by the accumulation of the effect of river discharge, estuary shape, and bottom friction (Cai et al, 2018).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Sensitivity of Junction Width to Tidal Nonlinearity on Small and Shallow Tidal Junction

Khadami

Kawanisi

Sawaf

et al. 2022

Indonesian J. Sci. Technol

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Observations of water elevation in the short and small tidal junctions of the Ota River, Japan, showed an increase in tidal nonlinearity at the apex of the junction. To quantitatively estimate the increase in nonlinearity, the barotropic hydrodynamic model was applied in an idealized junction domain, inspired by the Ota River Estuary junction. Even though the model was simplified, it successfully reproduced the increase in nonlinearity at the junction apex. A sensitivity analysis of tidal nonlinearity to the width of the upstream channel at the junction was performed by varying the upstream channel width from the same width as the branch channel width to three times the branch channel width. The relationship between the upstream channel width at the apex and tidal nonlinearity was not linear. Tidal nonlinearity was maximized when the apex width was twice the branch channel width. The convergence of the tides in the small width junction induced an increase of some positions of quarter-diurnal tidal constituent that raised the tidal nonlinearity. In the case of a wider channel, the flushing from river runoff dampen the tidal constituents, making it decrease tidal nonlinearity

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Sensitivity of Junction Width to Tidal Nonlinearity on Small and Shallow Tidal Junction

Khadami

Kawanisi

Sawaf

et al. 2022

Indonesian J. Sci. Technol

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“…During the flood and the first half ebb, the channel is well mixed, while in the latter half of the ebb, salt wedge formation occurs [23,24]. Additionally, the salinity in the channel varies from 10 psu to 30 psu fortnightly [25]. The maximum tidal current velocities during the flood and ebb, respectively, are 0.65 m/s and 0.5 m/s [26].…”

Section: Field Sitementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Ota Diversion Channel's mean depth and width are approximately 2.1 m and 248 m, while the east branch has around 2 m of mean depth and 212 m of mean width. Measurements by the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport, and Tourism (MLIT) at the Yaguchi Gauging Station revealed that under normal conditions, the total discharge that flows through the estuary is approximately 50-80 m 3 during summer and 20-30 m 3 during winter [25]. Approximately 10-20% of the total discharge flows to the Ota Diversion Channel, depending on the flow condition, whereas the remaining streams flow into the bifurcating eastern branch [27].…”

Section: Field Sitementioning

confidence: 99%

Subtidal Dynamics in a Tidal River with Limited Discharge

Gusti

Kawanisi

Sawaf

et al. 2022

Water

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Investigating subtidal friction and mass transport is pivotal for examining subtidal dynamics in tidal rivers. Although the behavior of subtidal friction and transport has been discussed in recent years, most studies have been conducted on tidal rivers that are affected by high amounts of river runoff. The aim of this study is to offer an initial understanding of the spatial and temporal behaviors of subtidal friction and subtidal flux in a tidal river channel with limited river runoff. This study utilized the frequency domain and theoretical decomposition analyses to determine the dominant tidal and subtidal mechanisms. Frequency domain analysis indicated the dominance of semidiurnal and diurnal tides in the observed tidal river channel. The rate of energy transfer owing to shallow water interaction was found to be stronger for the current velocity than for the water elevation. Decomposition analysis showed that subtidal friction and flux in a low-discharge tidal river channel were largely influenced by subtidal flow-induced subtidal friction and Eulerian return flux, respectively. The key findings of this study are as follows: (i) the limited amount of river runoff (4–20 m3/s) leads to the vertical variability of subtidal friction contributions from subtidal flow and subtidal-tidal interaction, as well as Eulerian return flux, and (ii) the vertical variability of the aforementioned terms can be associated with the existence of influential longitudinal subtidal density gradients along the tidal river. We believe that these findings advance our understanding of subtidal dynamics in tidal river systems, particularly those with limited discharge.

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“…Numerous studies have analyzed the mixing processes that occur in estuaries due to the interaction of runoff and different tides [1][2][3][4][5][6]. Moreover, the dependence on salinity mobility within the estuary itself due to differences in bathymetry, for example, directly affects the movement of internal estuarine currents [7], which may result in stratification or mixing fronts varying three-dimensionally and not only two-dimensionally [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Dynamic Estuarine Classification of the Vertical Structure Based on the Water Column Density Slope and the Potential Energy Anomaly

Lupiola,

Bárcena,

García-Alba

et al. 2023

Water

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The aim of this work is to develop a new estuarine classification attending to their vertical structure by examining the advantages and disadvantages of the existing classifications. For this purpose, we reviewed the main classifications, finding that most of them analyze the entire estuary as a unique water body without considering the spatiotemporal variability of the mixing zone in estuaries. Furthermore, the proposed classifications require the calculation of parameters that are not easily measurable, such as tidal current amplitude. Thus, we developed a new classification based on density profile slopes of the water column, which has been correlated to the potential energy anomaly. To test this classification, the proposed method was applied to the Suances estuary (Spain) during the year 2020 and to analyze the potential estuarine modifications under four climate change projections (RCP 4.5 and 8.5 for the years 2050 and 2100). To carry out this study, a calibrated and validated high-resolution horizontal and vertical 3D model was used. The application showed a high variability in the vertical structure of the estuary due to the tide and river. According to the proposed classification, the well mixed category was predominant in the estuary in 2020 and tended to grow in the projections of climate change. As a result, the fully mixed and weakly stratified mixing classes were reduced in the projected scenarios due to a decrease of external forcing, such as river flow and sea level rise. Furthermore, areas classified as stratified tended to move upstream of the estuary.

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Spatiotemporal Response of Currents and Mixing to the Interaction of Tides and River Runoff in a Mesotidal Estuary

Cited by 7 publications

References 50 publications

Sensitivity of Junction Width to Tidal Nonlinearity on Small and Shallow Tidal Junction

Sensitivity of Junction Width to Tidal Nonlinearity on Small and Shallow Tidal Junction

Subtidal Dynamics in a Tidal River with Limited Discharge

A Dynamic Estuarine Classification of the Vertical Structure Based on the Water Column Density Slope and the Potential Energy Anomaly

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