“…Turing's pioneer work [50] suggested that different diffusion rates of activator and inhibitor in a biological system can lead to the generation of spatially inhomogeneous patterns, and such diffusion-induced instability (Turing instability) has been credited as the driving mechanism of pattern formations in chemistry [25,37], developmental biology [14,22,45,46], and ecology [19,40,41]. Mathematical theory of linear stability and symmetry-breaking bifurcation have been applied to the such reaction-diffusion models to rigorously establish the existence and stability of spatial patterns, see [16,17,27,35,38,52,53,54] and references therein. In the framework of reaction-diffusion model, it is well-established that the condition for spatial pattern formation in two-species model is to have a slow diffusion rate for activator and a fast diffusion rate for inhibitor [14,23].…”