Spatiotemporal model of tripartite synapse with perinodal astrocytic process

Lorenzo, Jhunlyn; Vuillaume, Roman; Binczak, Stéphane; Jacquir, Sabir

doi:10.1007/s10827-019-00734-4

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 84 publications

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“…Also, for the given SNAN3 parameters with 40%-60% astrocytic mediated synapses, the network performance improves gradually, compared to the low validation accuracy in SNAN2 (Figure 10). These results are accordant with the results of the biologically plausible model suggesting that astrocytes can either improve or impair network activities [37][38][39].…”

Section: Training Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

Spiking Neuron-Astrocyte Networks for Image Recognition

Lorenzo,

Rico-Gallego,

Binczak

et al. 2024

Preprint

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From biological and artificial network perspectives, researchers have started acknowledging astrocytes as computational units mediating neural processes. Here, we propose a novel biologically-inspired neuron-astrocyte network model for image recognition, one of the first attempts at implementing astrocytes in Spiking Neuron Networks (SNNs) using a standard dataset. The architecture for image recognition has three primary units: the pre-processing unit for converting the image pixels into spiking patterns, the neuron-astrocyte network forming bipartite (neural onnections) and tripartite synapses (neural and astrocytic connections), and the classifier unit. In the astrocyte-mediated SNNs, an astrocyte integrates neural signals following the simplified Postnov model. It then modulates the Integrateand-Fire (IF) neurons via gliotransmission, thereby strengthening the synaptic connections of the neurons within the astrocytic territory. We develop an architecture derived from a baseline SNN model for unsupervised digit classification. The Spiking Neuron-Astrocyte Networks (SNANs) display better network performance with an optimal variance-bias trade-off than SNN alone. We demonstrate that astrocytes promote faster learning, support memory formation and recognition, and provide a simplified network architecture. Our proposed SNAN can serve as a benchmark for future researchers on astrocyte implementation in artificial networks, particularly in neuromorphic systems, for its simplified design.

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Section: Training Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

Spiking Neuron-Astrocyte Networks for Image Recognition

Lorenzo,

Rico-Gallego,

Binczak

et al. 2024

Preprint

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“…Actually, a rich experimental material is present that makes functioning of glutamatergic synapses understandable. Demonstration of the interaction of glutamatergic neuronal synapses with astrocytes is the important research result [37][38][39][40][41][42] (Figure 1).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetic model of the glutamate neuron-astrocytic system. N-acetylaspartylglutamate and glutamate carboxypeptidase

Varfolomeev,

Bykov,

Tsybenova

2023

Preprint

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Kinetic model of excitatory synapse functioning with glutamate and N-acetylaspartylglutamate (NAAG) as neurotransmitters in a three-component system regarding neuroglial astrocytic cells and the glutamate carboxypeptidase (GCPII) enzyme has been developed. The biphasic nature of the process providing excitation amplification within the modeling framework is shown. The role of excitatory synapse intensity has been investigated. The role of NAAG for enhancing neuronal connectivity and the realization of cognitive function is shown. The mechanism of cognition control by influencing on the efficiency of mGluR3 metabotropic receptor functioning is dis-cussed. The role of GCPII inhibition as a method of improving cognitive functions is studied. Dynamic features of the glutamatergic system behavior in neurodegenerative diseases (Alzheimer's disease, dementia), schizophrenia, traumatic brain injury, and epilepsy, as a part of development of the kinetic model are analyzed. The positive role of GCPII inhibition with the NAAG level increase as an effective approach to neuropathology treatment is shown.

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“…Progress on research neuronglia crosstalk showed that the central role of astrocytes, besides regulation of brain homeostasis, is information processing. A body of evidence supports the existence of coordinated neuron-astrocyte network signaling, in which astrocytes are able to modulate neuronal excitability and synaptic transmission (206,(215)(216)(217). In turn, neuronal communication to astrocytes influences astrocytic signaling which may have implications in epilepsy (215,218).…”

Section: Ca 2+ -Dependent Gliotransmitter Releasementioning

confidence: 99%

Astrocytes as Guardians of Neuronal Excitability: Mechanisms Underlying Epileptogenesis

et al. 2020

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Astrocytes are key homeostatic regulators in the central nervous system and play important roles in physiology. After brain damage caused by e.g., status epilepticus, traumatic brain injury, or stroke, astrocytes may adopt a reactive phenotype. This process of reactive astrogliosis is important to restore brain homeostasis. However, persistent reactive astrogliosis can be detrimental for the brain and contributes to the development of epilepsy. In this review, we will focus on physiological functions of astrocytes in the normal brain as well as pathophysiological functions in the epileptogenic brain, with a focus on acquired epilepsy. We will discuss the role of astrocyte-related processes in epileptogenesis, including reactive astrogliosis, disturbances in energy supply and metabolism, gliotransmission, and extracellular ion concentrations, as well as blood-brain barrier dysfunction and dysregulation of blood flow. Since dysfunction of astrocytes can contribute to epilepsy, we will also discuss their role as potential targets for new therapeutic strategies.

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Spatiotemporal model of tripartite synapse with perinodal astrocytic process

Cited by 11 publications

References 84 publications

Spiking Neuron-Astrocyte Networks for Image Recognition

Spiking Neuron-Astrocyte Networks for Image Recognition

Kinetic model of the glutamate neuron-astrocytic system. N-acetylaspartylglutamate and glutamate carboxypeptidase

Astrocytes as Guardians of Neuronal Excitability: Mechanisms Underlying Epileptogenesis

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