Spatiotemporal evolution of excess pore pressures in a silty seabed under progressive waves during residual liquefaction

Sequential Evolution of Residual Liquefaction in a Silty Seabed: Effect of Wave-Loading History

“…Building upon the earlier work of Li et al [25], which mainly focused on the silt responses under a single wave-loading series, this study conducted flume observations to examine the effect of the wave-loading history on residual liquefaction. Specifically, the single test series reported by Li et al [25] is denoted as Test 1 in this paper. Thus, the experimental methodology adopted in this study closely aligns with that detailed in Li et al's study [25].…”

“…Specifically, the single test series reported by Li et al [25] is denoted as Test 1 in this paper. Thus, the experimental methodology adopted in this study closely aligns with that detailed in Li et al's study [25]. This section provides a brief overview of the flume setup, bed preparation, and testing procedure.…”

“…The free surface elevation of waves and wave-induced pore pressures at various soil depths were simultaneously monitored with four wave gauges (WGs) and seven miniature pore pressure transducers (PPTs), respectively. A detailed introduction to the flume set-up can be referenced in Li et al's study [25].…”

“…In contrast, residual liquefaction occurs when the effective stress of the soil reduces to zero due to residual pore pressure buildup [10,22]. The physical modeling of waveinduced pore pressure buildup and the associated residual liquefaction has been achieved through flume observations [23][24][25] and centrifuge tests [26,27]. Notably, Sumer et al [24] successfully replicated the complete sequence of silt behavior under progressive waves in flume experiments, including pore pressure buildup, liquefaction, compaction, pore pressure dissipation, and ripple formation.…”

“…Notably, Sumer et al [24] successfully replicated the complete sequence of silt behavior under progressive waves in flume experiments, including pore pressure buildup, liquefaction, compaction, pore pressure dissipation, and ripple formation. Li et al [25] provided insights into the spatiotemporal evolution of both residual and transient pore pressure in a silt bed subjected to progressive waves, identifying three distinct stages of residual liquefaction. These stages include quasi-elastic behavior, an intensive buildup of residual pore pressure, and continuous liquefaction, with a particular focus on transient pore pressure amplification.…”