Spatiotemporal dynamics of the Urals’ climate in the second half of the 20th century

Abstract

Dynamics of the surface air temperature and amount of precipitation in the Polar, Northern, and Southern Urals in the 20th century is analyzed. Charts of the temperature distribution in the Urals for the period from 1961 to 2000, taking into account the relief, are plotted in the geographical informational system on the basis of data of instrumental measurements at meteorological stations with the use of the multiple regression analysis and raster modeling. The northeastern direction of the warming gradient and increase of falling precipitations in the period under review is established. Time series of anomalies of the average annual air temperature and amount of precipitation in the 20th century at three meteorological stations, situated in the Polar, Northern, and Southern Urals, are analyzed. The tendency of the growth of anomalies of the average annual temperature and total amount of precipitation is revealed.

Trees in the Upper Treeline Ecotone in the Polar Urals: Centuries-Old Change and Spatial Patterns

“…A comparative analysis of the number of trees in the early 1960s and in 2015 suggests that regional climate warming, which is observed in the Polar Urals (Briffa et al 1995;Shalaumova et al 2010;Hagedorn et al 2014;Shiyatov and Mazepa 2015), was accompanied by significant changes in the ecotone of the upper boundary of woody vegetation.…”

Developing a western Siberia reference site for tropospheric water vapour isotopologue observations obtained by different techniques (in situ and remote sensing)

“…This site is characterized by a well-marked continental climate, with monthly mean temperatures varying from −16 • C (January) to +17 • C (July) and about 460 mm of annual precipitation, peaking in summer. It is affected by different air mass trajectories and summer continental precipitation recycling (Shalaumova et al, 2010). Its position in a pristine peatland and near the permafrost zone is strategic for the monitoring of the coupling between surface water and carbon budgets.…”

Features of optical characteristics of atmospheric aerosol in the Middle Urals

“…The calculations of the monthly average values of τ 0. 5 for August in each year show that in 2010 the value of this parameter increased by over 300%. It is well known from the data of visual observations and other sources that in August 2010 the vast territory of the European part of Russia was covered by smog produced by forest and peat fires.…”

“…The Chusovaya River flows close to the moni toring point, which causes fog to appear frequently in summer and autumn. In general, the area can be described as "background" with a moderate continen tal climate [4][5][6]. Figure 1 presents the annual distribution of the number of the AOD measurement results of different levels and the dynamics of the monthly average num ber of measurements for the entire monitoring period in the Middle Urals.…”