Spatiotemporal distribution of thunderstorm initiation in the <scp>US</scp> Great Plains from 2005 to 2007

Lock, Noah A.; Houston, Adam L.

doi:10.1002/joc.4261

Cited by 21 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…However, when the NCEI thunderstorm definition (15‐min minimum) was applied, the average duration of a thunderstorm cell increased to 41.3 min, with the most intense cells producing wind gusts of 31.4 m/s. This time length concurred with Lock and Houston () who found that the mean life cycle of a thunderstorm was between 43 and 45 min in the Great Plains during 2005–2007. In addition, the frequency of thunderstorm derived wind‐events is supported by Kelly et al .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…Further, the occurrence of gust HWEs found in this study was supported by previous work that examined the spatiotemporal characteristics related to convective (thunderstorms) systems that initiated during summer (Mohee and Miller, ; Lock and Houston, ). Those studies showed that the life cycle of thunderstorms (based on radar reflectivity data) tends to be relatively short.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

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A climatology of high‐wind events for the eastern United States

Gilliland

Black

Durkee

et al. 2019

Intl Journal of Climatology

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This study examines the spatial and temporal characteristics of high‐wind events (HWEs) based on the National Weather Service high‐wind criteria for 391 first‐order weather stations in the eastern United States from 1973 to 2015. A geographical analysis on the frequency of sustained and gust HWEs shows that the highest occurrences were reported in the Great Plains and Great Lakes, while the lowest number of observations occurred in the Mid‐South and Southeast. Linear trends show that the yearly frequency of sustained and gust HWEs are significantly decreasing (−0.579 days/year) and increasing (0.943 days/year) respectively during the 43‐year study period. These trends do not persist when the HWE data are normalized (long‐term mean is removed from the yearly count), but shows a cyclical anomaly pattern for both sustained and gust winds. Overall, 90 and 82% of all sustained and gust HWEs occur from the northwest or southwest quadrant, but when interpreted from a spatial perspective the mean wind direction of HWEs can be classified into specific regional wind groupings. However, this persistent southwesterly wind direction has gradually shifted to a more southerly (northerly) orientation for sustained (gust) HWEs over the study period.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

A climatology of high‐wind events for the eastern United States

Gilliland

Black

Durkee

et al. 2019

Intl Journal of Climatology

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“…If lightning occurs in any storm cells of a storm, the storm is counted as a thunderstorm. This method, however, may omit some thunderstorms because not all thunderstorms generate cloud-to-ground lightning [27].…”

Section: Extraction Of Thunderstorm Life Cyclesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The IEM interpolates the base reflectivity to a 1 km grid every 5 min, and the archived datasets can be accessed via the IEM Geographic Information System (GIS) data service in PNG or GeoTIFF format. Precipitation can be estimated from radar returns based on a Z-R relationship, and the radar reflectivity data have been applied to a number of different applications including storm identification and nowcasting [25], climatology [26,27], and urbanization impacts on precipitation [28,29].…”

Section: Radar Reflectivity Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Life Cycle Characteristics of Warm-Season Severe Thunderstorms in Central United States from 2010 to 2014

Liu

2016

Climate

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Abstract:Weather monitoring systems, such as Doppler radars, collect a high volume of measurements with fine spatial and temporal resolutions that provide opportunities to study many convective weather events. This study examines the spatial and temporal characteristics of severe thunderstorm life cycles in central United States mainly covering Kansas, Oklahoma, and northern Texas during the warm seasons from 2010 to 2014. Thunderstorms are identified using radar reflectivity and cloud-to-ground lightning data and are tracked using a directed graph model that can represent the whole life cycle of a thunderstorm. Thunderstorms were stored in a GIS database with a number of additional thunderstorm attributes. Spatial and temporal characteristics of the thunderstorms were analyzed, including the yearly total number of thunderstorms, their monthly distribution, durations, initiation time, termination time, movement speed and direction, and the spatial distributions of thunderstorm tracks, initiations, and terminations. Results revealed that thunderstorms were most frequent across the eastern part of the study area, especially at the borders between Kansas, Missouri, Oklahoma, and Arkansas. Finally, thunderstorm occurrence is linked to land cover, including a comparison of thunderstorms between urban and surrounding rural areas. Results demonstrated that thunderstorms would favor forests and urban areas. This study demonstrates that advanced GIS representations and analyses for spatiotemporal events provide effective research tools to meteorological studies.

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“…Some studies have also used radar‐derived precipitation estimates to study severe storm climatology with an emphasis on constraining the temporal and spatial distribution of intense convective cores (Bentley et al ., ; Mohee and Miller, ; Kaltenboeck and Steinheimer, ; Seres and Horváth, ). Moreover, climatology of various radar‐derived products related to thunderstorms, such as convective initiation, have been also recently developed (Weckwerth et al ., ; Lock and Houston, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Radar‐based summer precipitation climatology of the Czech Republic

Bližňák

Kašpar

Müller

2017

Intl Journal of Climatology

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To assess the climatology of the Czech Republic (CR) with a high spatial (1 km) resolution, this study uses radar-based precipitation data collected over the summer seasons of a 10-year period (2002)(2003)(2004)(2005)(2006)(2007)(2008)(2009)(2010)(2011). Radar reflectivity data were obtained from two C-band Doppler weather radars, integrated in time and merged with daily precipitation totals from rain gauge measurements. Using radar measurements, daily adjusted precipitation totals were later divided into 10-min precipitation totals that were continuously accumulated in a series of time windows ranging from 30 min to 24 h. This climatological analysis confirms that altitude substantially influences not only the spatial distribution of mean precipitation but also the spatial distribution of precipitation maxima as well as the diurnal cycle of precipitation in the CR. While the 24-h totals are generally maximal in mountains, mean and absolute seasonal maxima of short-term totals (up to 1 and 6 h, respectively) are detected in altitudes between 300 and 600 m a.s.l. Regarding the diurnal cycle, maximum frequency of precipitation occurs 2 h earlier in the mountains, whereas mean totals remain at the same level until 2100 UTC. The mean time during which precipitation maxima occur generally does not change with altitude. Nevertheless, a detailed regional study demonstrates that short-term precipitation maxima usually start earlier in the afternoon in and around mountainous regions. Long-term (mainly 6-h) precipitation maxima occur later than short ones but are substantially less concentrated in time, especially in the mountains. These differences between mountains and lowlands can be explained by smaller relative proportions and earlier onset of convective precipitation in mountains.

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Spatiotemporal distribution of thunderstorm initiation in the US Great Plains from 2005 to 2007

Cited by 21 publications

References 30 publications

A climatology of high‐wind events for the eastern United States

A climatology of high‐wind events for the eastern United States

Life Cycle Characteristics of Warm-Season Severe Thunderstorms in Central United States from 2010 to 2014

Radar‐based summer precipitation climatology of the Czech Republic

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