Spatiotemporal Distribution Characteristics of Reference Evapotranspiration in Shandong Province from 1980 to 2019

Zhang, Fujie; Liu, Zihan; Zhangzhong, Lili; Yu, Jingxin; Shi, Kaili; Yao, Lishuang

doi:10.3390/w12123495

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 27 publications

(28 reference statements)

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“…Moreover, most of the previous studies are focused in the dryland areas where water availability primarily restrains ecosystem development, and atmospheric demand is usually high with high variabilities due to the high seasonal radiation and low vegetation covers (Hua et al, 2020); yet less is known about the variations of ET p and its connections with vegetation and soil water content in the humid areas. In a previous study in Guangdong, a humid southern province of China, it was found that ET p has decreased by ∼1 mm yr −1 during the water years of 2002-2014 (Zhou et al, 2021), comparable to other studies in some dry areas despite different study periods (Yang et al, 2011;Wang et al, 2014;Zhang et al, 2020). Given the role of ET p in the hydrologic cycles, it is important to assess comprehensively the variations of ET p and its influencing factors, especially the interaction with surface conditions.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 80%

“…Additionally, the change rate over 2005-2015 was greater than that over 1982-2004 for nearly all variables, which indicates that in the recent decade or so, the climate activities are enhanced(Yang et al, 2018) and the region gets drier and warmer in terms of rising temperature and reduced humidity, precipitation and soil water content. Down to seasons, ET p was highest in summer and lowest in winter, different from that in a province in north China(Zhang et al, 2020). The changes in ET p and the environmental variables presented different seasonal features, e.g., rainfall and SWC increased only in summer, different from the result in Pearl River basin during 1961-2007 byGemmer et al (2011); meanwhile, R s increased in spring and winter while decreased in summer and autumn; ETp and NDVI increased in all seasons and higher increase rate was in spring and winter.…”

contrasting

confidence: 57%

“…Composed of evaporation and transpiration, ET p is a function of meteorology and the surrounding near-surface environment (Zhan et al, 2019), therefore, ET p can vary simultaneously with changes in surface conditions, which has been proved by previous studies. For instance, Yang et al (2011) claimed that relative humidity was the most influential factor followed by solar radiation and wind speed in the Yellow River Basin, whereas Wang et al (2014) reported that temperature was the main reason for ET p change in a northern China irrigation district, followed by wind speed and relative humidity; Duethmann and Blöschl (2018) found in over 150 Austrian catchments that ET o increased with increased net radiation and temperature; Zhang et al (2020) found temperature and sunshine hours were the two most influential factors in Shandong province, China, while Jerin et al (2021) reported the dominant factors for ET o were mean temperature, solar duration and relative humidity in Bangladesh. de Oliveira et al (2021) found solar radiation was the most important factor controlling ET o in the southern Amazon basin, same with findings in Valle .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessing the Effects of Surface Conditions on Potential Evapotranspiration in a Humid Subtropical Region of China

Wang

Zheng

2022

Front. Clim.

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The ability of the atmosphere to remove water from land surface is measured by potential evapotranspiration (ETp), which is often inferred by the reference evapotranspiration (ETo). Therefore, ETp is often considered only influenced by the above-ground meteorological conditions. Based on its concept, ETp should also link with surface conditions that influence the surface resistance. Such linkages differ in dry and wet regions with different surface covers. Here, we calculated ETo and especially analyzed the effects of surface conditions including vegetation cover indicated by NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) and root-zone SWC (soil water content) in a humid subtropical province of China. Results show that ETp, NDVI, wind speed, temperatures have increased significantly during 1982–2015 and relative humidity (RH) has decreased significantly. Linear trends of these variables varied across seasons, but similarities were found between spring and winter and between summer and autumn. Summer saw the greatest changes in ETp per unit of environmental variable change. Solar radiation, RH, and precipitation exerted overall stronger influence on ETp (R2 > 0.50) than other factors. NDVI and SWC were found positively and negatively affecting ETp at all time scales. Partial correlation analysis showed significant influence of NDVI and SWC at the monthly scale; moreover, SWC influenced ETp more significantly in summer than other seasons (p < 0.05). Since actual evapotranspiration is often deducted from ETp by multiplicative stress functions in many hydrologic models, understanding the relationships between ETp and environmental changes can help improve the formulation and estimation of actual evapotranspiration.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 80%

contrasting

confidence: 57%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessing the Effects of Surface Conditions on Potential Evapotranspiration in a Humid Subtropical Region of China

Wang

Zheng

2022

Front. Clim.

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“…The closer the correlation coefficient is to 1 or −1, the stronger the correlation is; the closer the correlation coefficient is to 0, the weaker the correlation is Ref. [22].…”

Section: Pearson Correlationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Different Water Treatments in Soil-Plant-Atmosphere Continuum Based on Intelligent Weighing Systems

Gao

Guo

Shi

et al. 2022

Water

Self Cite

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In order to meet the needs of dynamic continuous monitoring of soil–plant–atmosphere continuum (SPAC), a new soil, plant, atmosphere analysis system has been established based on an intelligent weighing system (IWS). Four types of irrigation treatments (90%, 80%, 70%, and 60% of field capacity (FC)) were conducted on lettuce (Lactuca sativa var. ramosa Hort.) for two-season planting experiments. Regarding the soil, the relative system weight of IWS showed a significant linear correlation with the soil volumetric moisture content (SWC) (R2 = 0.64–0.94). When the SWC increased by 1.00%, the soil weight increased by 56–62 g. Regarding plants, the IWS also clearly reflected the changes in plant weight gain, transpiration rate, and stomatal conductance at different growth stages. After verification, the relative errors of the transpiration rate and stomatal conductance measured by the IWS were −9.60–22.30% and −7.20–22.20%, respectively. Regarding the atmospheric environment, the variation trend of the crop evapotranspiration (ETc) based on the IWS and the reference crop evapotranspiration (ET0) calculated with meteorological parameters were consistent. However, the numerical difference was in the uncertainty of the crop coefficient (Kc). The ETc of lettuce under the 80% FC treatment was the highest. Accordingly, a daily online measurement method for Kc was established. The Kc values of lettuce at different growth stages were 0.88, 1.22, and 2.43, respectively. The growth, yield, and water use efficiency (WUE) of crops under 80% FC treatment compared with other treatments significantly increased by 11.07–21.05%, 0.91–9.89%, and 2.16–15.80%, respectively. Therefore, the 80% FC was adopted as the irrigation low limit of potted lettuce. The experimental results provide a theoretical basis for further guiding crop irrigation.

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“…A shortage of water is the most serious problem in this area. In addition, the research on the influence factors of ET mostly focuses on meteorological factors [ 25 , 26 ], and there is a lack of in-depth research on the influence of surface parameters on ET.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Daily actual evapotranspiration estimation of different land use types based on SEBAL model in the agro-pastoral ecotone of northwest China

Yang¹,

Li²,

Sun³

et al. 2022

PLoS ONE

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Evapotranspiration (ET) plays a crucial role in hydrological and energy cycles, as well as in the assessments of water resources and irrigation demands. On a regional scale, particularly in the agro-pastoral ecotone, clarification of the distribution of surface ET and its influencing factors is critical for the rational use of water resources, restoration of the ecological environment, and protection of ecological water sources. The SEBAL model was used to invert the regional ET based on Landsat8 images in the agro-pastoral ecotone of northwest China. The results were indirectly verified by monitoring data from meteorological stations. The correlation between ET and surface parameters was analyzed. Thus, the main factors that affect the surface ET were identified. The results show that the SEBAL model determines an accurate inversion, with a correlation coefficient of 0.81 and an average root mean square error of 0.9 mm/d, which is highly suitable for research on water resources. The correlation coefficients of normalized vegetation index, surface temperature, land surface albedo, net radiation flux with daily ET were 0.5830, 0.8425, 0.3428 and 0.9111, respectively. The normalized vegetation index and the net radiation flux positively correlated with the daily ET, while the surface temperature and land surface albedo negatively correlated with the daily ET. The correlation from strong to weak is the net radiation flux > surface temperature > normalized vegetation index > surface albedo. In terms of spatial distribution, the daily ET of water was the highest, followed by woodland, wetland, cropland, built-up land, shrub land, grassland and bare land. However, the SEBAL model overestimates the inversion of daily ET of built-up land.

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Spatiotemporal Distribution Characteristics of Reference Evapotranspiration in Shandong Province from 1980 to 2019

Cited by 11 publications

References 27 publications

Assessing the Effects of Surface Conditions on Potential Evapotranspiration in a Humid Subtropical Region of China

Assessing the Effects of Surface Conditions on Potential Evapotranspiration in a Humid Subtropical Region of China

Effect of Different Water Treatments in Soil-Plant-Atmosphere Continuum Based on Intelligent Weighing Systems

Daily actual evapotranspiration estimation of different land use types based on SEBAL model in the agro-pastoral ecotone of northwest China

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