Spatiotemporal characteristics of urban dry/wet islands in China following rapid urbanization

Luo, Zhiyang; Liu, Jiahong; Zhang, Yongxiang; Zhou, Jinjun; Yu, Yongqiang; Jia, Ruitao

doi:10.1016/j.jhydrol.2021.126618

Cited by 22 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…They also observed that buildings accounted for the largest proportion of water dissipation. Luo et al (2021) used 613 observation stations throughout China to show that the absolute humidity of cities has increased following urbanization, and the increased evaporation attributed to artificial water dissipation was higher than the evaporation loss due to reduced natural vegetation. Our results are consistent with the findings of Wang, Wang, and Yang (2019), Zhou et al (2019), and Luo et al (2021).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incorporating an urban canopy model with artificial water dissipation into weather research and forecasting: A case study for Beijing

Luo

Liu

Zhang

et al. 2022

Hydrological Processes

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Urban artificial water dissipation is a concomitant process of human water use in built‐up areas that can absorb heat through evapotranspiration, reduce air temperature, transfer surface water to the atmosphere, and participate in the urban water cycle. In the context of increased urbanization, the impact of artificial water dissipation on urban climates cannot be ignored. In this study, calculation models for artificial water dissipation from different underlying surface types (buildings, hardened ground, soil, and vegetation) were introduced into an urban canopy model and coupled with the weather research and forecasting (WRF) model for mesoscale weather simulations of the Beijing area. Observational datasets of temperature and humidity from automatic weather stations in Beijing were used for validation. Results showed that the coupled model could reproduce the temperature and humidity of urban weather stations in Beijing more accurately compared to simulations that did not employ an urban canopy model or that adopted a traditional urban canopy model. In the Beijing urban area, the latent heat flux of NON, urban canopy model, and artificial water dissipation into the UCM are approximately 0, 35, and 65 W/m2, respectively, and the anthropogenic latent heat is about 30 W/m2. Incorporating urban artificial water dissipation into the urban canopy model reduced the urban air temperature by 0.2°C and increased the specific humidity by 0.6 g/kg, alleviating urban heat island effects and increasing humidity. These findings indicate that artificial urban water dissipation plays an important role in urban weather and climate that should be considered by urban canopy models. In the future, this model can be coupled into WRF for more accurate mesoscale weather simulations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incorporating an urban canopy model with artificial water dissipation into weather research and forecasting: A case study for Beijing

Luo

Liu

Zhang

et al. 2022

Hydrological Processes

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“…Therefore, the rain island effect in northwest inland areas was jointly affected by artificial water dissipation and the heat island effect. Furthermore, the relative humidity in northwest inland cities was higher than that in the suburbs (0-15%), showing the wet island effect [45]. The relative humidity was the ratio of absolute humidity to absolute humidity of saturated humid air at the same temperature.…”

Section: Annual Analysis Of the Rain Island Effectmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…In China, county-level cities are the smallest level in cities; prefecture-level cities, municipal districts, and county-level cities (with a high urbanization rate) were classified as cities. Therefore, meteorological stations distributed in these areas were assumed to be urban stations, while those located in counties, autonomous counties, and towns (with a low urbanization rate) were considered to be suburban stations [45]. When setting up urban areas in each provincial administrative region, the state must consider the local economy, population, resources, environment, and other factors.…”

Section: Classification Of Urban and Suburban Areasmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spatiotemporal Evolution of Urban Rain Islands in China under the Conditions of Urbanization and Climate Change

et al. 2022

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Precipitation is a critical factor affecting regional water cycles, water ecology, and socioeconomic development. Monthly precipitation, water vapor pressure, and temperature datasets from 613 meteorological stations across China were used to analyze the spatiotemporal evolution of urban rain island effects at the national scale during periods of slow (1960–1969) and accelerated (2010–2019) urbanization. The combined effects of artificial water dissipation and heat islands on urban precipitation were a key focus of this study. The results showed that rain island effects (0–31.6 mm/month) were primarily distributed along the southeast coast (dominated by the heat island effect) and northwest inland region (dominated by artificial water dissipation). During winter, the relative contribution of artificial water dissipation was higher in urban areas, and the rain island effect was more apparent than in the summer. Comparisons of precipitation prior to and following large-scale urbanization showed that precipitation and rain island intensity along the southeast coast and northwest inland region increased by 0–28 and 0–28.6 mm/month, respectively. These findings indicate that artificial water dissipation is an important water vapor source for urban precipitation, particularly during winter months.

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“…Such increasing trend of rainstorm flooding is also closely related to urbanization and land use change (Ali et al, 2010; Solín et al, 2011). Firstly, rapid urbanization triggers the heat island effect and rain island effect obviously (Luo et al, 2021; Wang et al, 2021), which result in the extreme rainfall. Secondly, the original surface landscape is replaced by urban construction land constantly, which changes the hydrological properties of underlying surface, and then decrease sub surface infiltration and increases runoff (Bronstert et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk assessment of urban rainstorm flood disaster based on land use/land cover simulation

Huang

Yang

et al. 2022

Hydrological Processes

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Under the urbanization context, land use/land cover (LULC) changes rapidly which affects both the probability of urban flood disaster and its consequence. In order to explore the impact of LULC changes on rainstorm flood disaster risk in the future, a framework of rainstorm flood disaster risk assessment is constructed from natural‐social perspective through LULC simulation based on the patch‐generating land use simulation (PLUS) model in this study. Specifically, the spatial LULC under three future development scenarios (inertia development scenario, economic priority scenario and sustainable development scenario) for the year 2030 is simulated, and then assessment model of rainstorm flood disaster risk is constructed through obtaining inundation depth and social vulnerability based on simulated LULC. Jingdezhen City in China is selected as an example. The results show that proposed risk assessment framework based on PLUS model can be used to detect the risk changes in different development scenarios. The risk of urban rainstorm flood disaster under economic priority scenario is most severe and risk under the sustainable development scenario is the lowest under the same return period rainstorm. Under the sustainable development scenario, green land including forest land, grassland and open water increases, which reduces the surface runoff and decrease the risk of rainstorm flood disaster effectively, however the reduction is limited with the greater rainstorm return period. Therefore, adaptive measures should be implemented together with land use planning to prevent and control urban flood risk. This study provides a framework to predict the future risk of urban rainstorm flood under different development scenarios, which can support for flood disaster risk prevention and urban sustainable development.

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Spatiotemporal characteristics of urban dry/wet islands in China following rapid urbanization

Cited by 22 publications

References 21 publications

Incorporating an urban canopy model with artificial water dissipation into weather research and forecasting: A case study for Beijing

Incorporating an urban canopy model with artificial water dissipation into weather research and forecasting: A case study for Beijing

Spatiotemporal Evolution of Urban Rain Islands in China under the Conditions of Urbanization and Climate Change

Risk assessment of urban rainstorm flood disaster based on land use/land cover simulation

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