Spatio-temporal variation in soil erosion on sloping farmland based on the integrated valuation of ecosystem services and trade-offs model: A case study of Chongqing, southwest China

Insights from Fertilization and Cultivation Management for Interpreting the Variations in the Quantity and Quality of Dissolved Organic Carbon and Microbial Community Structure on Purple Soil Sloping Farmland in Southwest China

“…Implementing fertilization and cultivation management are the most common effective practices in sloping farmland in Southwest China, which reduce the losses of soil nutrients prone to soil erosion and help to stimulate the growth and activity of microorganisms [49]. The benefits of fertilization practices in sloping farmland can replenish and sustain nutrient levels in the soil [50] and stimulate microbial activity by supplying the necessary nutrients for enzyme production and function [51], which can help promote soil health and contribute to sustainable agricultural practices. In addition, cultivation practices have also been acknowledged as an effective measure for retaining water and soil erosion, declining land degradation, and promoting the sustainability of sloping farmland in China [51].…”

“…The benefits of fertilization practices in sloping farmland can replenish and sustain nutrient levels in the soil [50] and stimulate microbial activity by supplying the necessary nutrients for enzyme production and function [51], which can help promote soil health and contribute to sustainable agricultural practices. In addition, cultivation practices have also been acknowledged as an effective measure for retaining water and soil erosion, declining land degradation, and promoting the sustainability of sloping farmland in China [51]. In opposed to traditional cultivation (downslope cultivation), contour cultivation is a more effective strategy by diverting flow direction to alter runoff velocity [46], reducing soil nutrient loss [52], and accelerating the microbial-mediated ecological processes by maintaining nutrient-rich topsoil, which helps to overcome nutrient limitations in sloping farmland [47].…”

Perception of Ecosystem Services from Podolian Farming System in Marginal Areas of Southern Italy

“…Several studies underlined the contribution of livestock farming to ESs provision. Some of them analyzed how the animal density and intensity of grassland management relate to biodiversity [17][18][19][20], soil erosion [21,22], and regulating ESs [23,24]. Other studies focused on ranking and evaluating the environmental functions of livestock, such as pasture management, land use, and carbon sequestration [25][26][27].…”