Spatio-temporal Modeling of Lasing Action in Core–Shell Metallic Nanoparticles

Cuerda, Javier; García‐Vidal, F. J.; Bravo‐Abad, Jorge

doi:10.1021/acsphotonics.6b00501

Cited by 21 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…[57] Cuerda et al examined spatio-temporal modeling of lasing action in a metallic-dielectric core-shell spasing cavity with three-dimensional semi-classical simulations based on a time-domain generalization of the finiteelement method. [66] The results show that the threshold gain can be reduced significantly by using a metallic nanorod cavity instead of a nanosphere, which is consistent with Li's work. On the other hand, there are alternative ways to reduce threshold.…”

Section: Reducing the Spasing Thresholdsupporting

confidence: 89%

Nanolasers Enabled by Metallic Nanoparticles: From Spasers to Random Lasers

Wang

Meng

Kildishev

et al. 2017

Laser & Photonics Reviews

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Owing to exotic optical responses, metallic nanoparticles and nanostructures are finding broad applications in laser science, leading to numerous design variations of plasmonic nanolasers. Nowadays, two of the most intriguing plasmonic nanolasing devices are spasers and random lasers. While a spaser is based on a single metallic nanoparticle resonator with the optical feedback provided by the localized surface plasmon resonance, the operation of a random laser relies on multiple light scattering within randomly distributed metallic nanoparticles. In this paper, an up-to-date review on the applications of metallic nanoparticles in spasers and random lasers is provided. Principles of a random spaser, a device combining the features of a spaser and a random laser, are briefly discussed as well. The paper is focused on major theoretical and experimental approaches to control the core metrics of lasing performance, including threshold, resonant wavelength, and emission directionality. The applications of spasers and random lasers in the fields of sensing and imaging are also mentioned. Finally, the challenges and future perspectives in this area of research are discussed.

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Section: Reducing the Spasing Thresholdsupporting

confidence: 89%

Nanolasers Enabled by Metallic Nanoparticles: From Spasers to Random Lasers

Wang

Meng

Kildishev

et al. 2017

Laser & Photonics Reviews

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“…Lasing in such plasmonic-based structures relies on population inversion of emitters (e.g., fluorophores, QDs) and feedback provided by plasmonic resonances. The concept of a spaser [58], [61], [62], [64], [65], [155], [300], amplifier of localized surface plasmons oscillating in metal nanoparticles arranged in a dielectric environment, further generalized to include travelling surface plasmon polaritons, turned out to be of great interest for nanophotonic applications. In addition to its vital importance for advanced optoelectronics, today they have been applied for sensing [301], [302] and biological imaging with high resolution [57].…”

Section: Lasingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to its vital importance for advanced optoelectronics, today they have been applied for sensing [301], [302] and biological imaging with high resolution [57]. The subsequent invention of new kinds of nanoresonators and active materials led to a family of nanolasers attracting great attention from the nanophotonics community [61], [78], [307]- [311], [155], [237]- [239], [303]- [306].…”

Section: Lasingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Active Nanophotonics

Krasnok

Alù

2020

Proc. IEEE

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Recent progress in nanofabrication has led to tremendous technological developments in nanophotonics, which rely on the interaction of light with nanostructured matter. Nanophotonics has experienced a large surge of interest in recent years, from basic research to applied technology.The increased importance of extremely low-energy data processing at ultra-fast speeds has been encouraging the use of light for signal transport and processing. Energy demands and interaction time scales become smaller with the physical size of the nanostructures, hence nanophotonics opens the opportunity of integrating a large number of devices that can generate, control, modulate, sense and process light signals at ultrafast speeds and below femtojoule/bit energy levels.However, losses and diffraction pose fundamental challenges to the fundamental ability of nanophotonic structures to confine light efficiently in smaller and smaller volumes. In this framework, active nanophotonics, which combines the latest advances in nanotechnology with gain materials, has become in recent years a vital area of optics research, both from the physics, material science, and engineering standpoint. In this paper, we review recent efforts in enabling active nanodevices for lasing and optical sources, loss compensation, and to realize new optical functionalities, like -symmetry, exceptional points and nontrivial lasing based on suitably engineered distributions of gain and loss in nanostructures.

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“…However, there is a possibility to use a single metal nanoparticle or other quasi 0D structures as a lasing nanocavity with 3D confinement, if the confinement is compromised to a certain extent. Since the first theoretical model of plasmonic nanolaser, great efforts have been made to pursue the 3D‐confined LSPR nanolaser . Although lasing emission from active nanostructure ensemble composing of an Au nanosphere core and a layer of dye molecules shell was observed, but lasing from a single nanoparticle had not been confirmed, and the lasing cavity is more likely originated from other mechanisms (e.g., random lasing) than the single‐particle LSPR feedback.…”

Section: Experimental Demonstrations Of the Plasmonic Nanolasersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasmonic Nanolasers: Pursuing Extreme Lasing Conditions on Nanoscale

Gao

et al. 2019

Advanced Optical Materials

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and techniques have been proposed and/ or developed. Here we focus on a newly emerging area-plasmonic nanolaser that pursuing extremely smaller cavity size in one or more dimensions, and consequently extreme lasing conditions, by using a plasmonic cavity with feature size possibly far below the diffraction limit of light.The miniaturization of a laser can be traced back to the early age of the laser, when compact semiconductor structures were introduced. In particular, the introduction of semiconductors as the gain media in 1962, [11,12] followed by a series of elaborately engineered structures from heterostructure, [13] quantum well, [14] vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL), [15,16] microdisk, [17][18][19] photonic crystal, [20][21][22] quantum dot [23,24] to nanowire (NW) [25][26][27] have made great success in shrinking a laser from bulk scale to wavelength level using reduced cavity sizes. [28] For example, to date, typical commercial edgeemitting quantum well laser diodes have dimensions of several micrometers in width and hundreds of micrometers in length, and a single quantum dot can lase in a photonic crystal cavity with overall dimension of merely 0.7(λ/n) 3 , where λ is the vacuum wavelength and n the refractive index of the dielectric. [29] With optimized geometry and material for cavity design, lower structural dimension is expected. However, in a dielectric cavity with limited refractive index n, the cavity size is intrinsically restricted by optical diffraction limit that sets an ultimate limit λ/2n for both cavity length and mode size in all three dimensions.An effective step to shrink a cavity beyond the diffraction limit is converting light into surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) in nanostructuralized metals, which is a kind of collective oscillation of quasi free electrons on the interface of a metal and a dielectric. [30] While SPP is featured with ultrahigh optical confinement and ultrafast relaxation process as shown in Figure 1a, [31] it is inevitably accompanied by ultrahigh energy dissipation (i.e., Ohmic loss), leading to a mutual balance between the mode size and the optical loss in either a nanowaveguide or a nanocavity as shown in Figure 1b. [32] For example, the transverse mode area of SPP mode on an Ag nanowire with diameter of 100 nm can be as small as 0.01 µm 2 but also exhibits a propagation loss larger than 200 dB mm −1 . Despite of the high loss coefficient of plasmonic resonance at optical frequency, a properly designed nanoplasmonic cavity coupled with a gain medium is possible to lase with miniature cavity length.Owing to their ultrahigh optical confinement, plasmonic nanolasers with cavity sizes beyond the diffraction limit of light, are attracting increasing attention for pursuing extreme lasing conditions on nanoscale including ultracompact cavity mode, ultrafast lasing modulation, significantly enhanced light-matter interaction, and Purcell effect. In this review, the recent progress on plasmonic nanolasers from both theoretical and experimental aspects is intro...

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Spatio-temporal Modeling of Lasing Action in Core–Shell Metallic Nanoparticles

Cited by 21 publications

References 59 publications

Nanolasers Enabled by Metallic Nanoparticles: From Spasers to Random Lasers

Nanolasers Enabled by Metallic Nanoparticles: From Spasers to Random Lasers

Active Nanophotonics

Plasmonic Nanolasers: Pursuing Extreme Lasing Conditions on Nanoscale

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