Spatio-Temporal Mapping of Plate Boundary Faults in California Using Geodetic Imaging

Donnellan, Andrea; Arrowsmith, R.; DeLong, Stephen B.

doi:10.3390/geosciences7010015

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 99 publications

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“…Double‐couple solutions for the Ridgecrest foreshock and mainshock are downloaded from GCMT catalog (Ekström et al., 2012). The major faults (black lines) are modified from the United States Geological Survey website (https://earthquake.usgs.gov/hazards/qfaults), along with the Eastern California Shear Zone (ECSZ) (blue dashed zone; Donnellan et al., 2017), Coso volcanic field (red volcano symbol; Global Volcanism Program, 2013), seismicity (orange, purple and yellow dots; Hutton et al., 2010). The purple dots are the earthquakes occurring after the 2019 M w 6.4 Ridgecrest foreshock but before the M w 7.1 mainshock, while the yellow ones are the aftershocks of the M w 7.1 mainshock till July 31, 2019.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crustal Rotation and Fluids: Factors for the 2019 Ridgecrest Earthquake Sequence?

Tong

Yao

Liu

et al. 2021

Geophysical Research Letters

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P‐wave azimuthal anisotropic tomography reveals that the July 6, 2019 Mw 7.1 Ridgecrest earthquake occurred in a region with clockwise crustal rotation. The rotation together with the sinistral slip on the Garlock Fault is a response to the northwest‐trending, dextral shear within the Eastern California Shear Zone due to the relative motion between the Pacific and North America Plates. The hypocentral area of the Ridgecrest mainshock is characterized by a sharp lateral velocity contrast which has a reversal in contrast polarity at about 5 km depth. We find high Vp/Vs ratio structures covering the rupture zones of the Mw 6.4 foreshock and the Mw 7.1 mainshock, which may indicate the existence of fluids in the fault zones. We speculate that fluids and crustal rotation may have played important mechanical roles in causing the 2019 Ridgecrest earthquake sequence.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crustal Rotation and Fluids: Factors for the 2019 Ridgecrest Earthquake Sequence?

Tong

Yao

Liu

et al. 2021

Geophysical Research Letters

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“…InSAR and optical imagery data, however, do not have the temporal resolution to constrain the timing of such the diffuse pre-and/or postseismic deformations. However, the recent development of airborne observation systems (Donnellan et al, 2017;Hudnut et al, 2020) opens new possibilities for more rapid imaging of the early post-seismic and near-fault deformation processes.…”

Section: Nature Of the Diffuse Deformationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diffuse deformation explains the magnitude-dependent coseismic shallow slip deficit

Antoine,

Klinger,

Wang

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Continental earthquakes produce both localized slip on faults and diffuse deformation in the surrounding medium, up to 1-2 kilometers from the faults. However, the origin of the diffuse deformation and its role in the rupture process are still debated. Here, we perform a joint inversion of InSAR, GNSS, and high-resolution optical correlation data and produce a detailed rupture model for the 2019 Ridgecrest, California, earthquake sequence. We show that the decrease of coseismic slip toward the ground surface observed in earthquake rupture models, also known as shallow slip deficit (SSD), directly correlates with the occurrence of diffuse deformation at the surface. Hence, we suggest that the SSD in earthquake source models can often be interpreted as a proxy for shallow diffuse inelastic deformation around faults. Revisiting earthquake source models for 25 continental earthquakes, we show that SSD and diffuse deformation are only significant for Mw<7.5 events.

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“…Schmidt et al, 2005, Shirzaei andBürgmann, 2013), airborne InSAR (e.g. Donnellan et al, 2017), geodolite (e.g. Lisowski & Prescott, 1981), alignment arrays (e.g.…”

Section: Monitoring Creeping Faultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monitoring creep along the Hayward Fault using structure-from-motion photogrammetry of offset curbs

Funning

Barth

2022

Geophysical Journal International

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We present observations of sidewalk curbs that are offset by creep on the Hayward Fault in Fremont, California. Using structure-from-motion photogrammetry techniques, we construct 3D models from suites of 2D photos taken from 2015 to 2018 at 20 sites along the fault. By aligning and comparing these models, we measure the 3D displacements of each offset sidewalk through time at precisions of ∼0.5 mm/yr. We find that on average individual offset curbs record <40% of the overall creep rate measured at nearby alignment arrays (which span a fault-perpendicular distance of 100 m or more). The ‘fault trace’ can more accurately be considered a zone of deformation, narrower than an alignment array width but wider than one curb length (∼3-5 m). Sites for which we have multiple time intervals to compare show inter-annual temporal variability in creep rate and direction. Our methods offer a new, complementary approach to cheaply and efficiently document creep-related deformation in an urban setting, one that may be particularly useful for tracking deformation of engineered materials and their cohesion to the subsurface. Given the use of readily available equipment (consumer-grade camera, GPS, ruler), ease of data collection, and accessibility of urban field sites, we believe that this style of monitoring would lend itself particularly well to citizen science efforts.

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Spatio-Temporal Mapping of Plate Boundary Faults in California Using Geodetic Imaging

Abstract: Abstract:The Pacific-North

Cited by 9 publications

References 99 publications

Crustal Rotation and Fluids: Factors for the 2019 Ridgecrest Earthquake Sequence?

Crustal Rotation and Fluids: Factors for the 2019 Ridgecrest Earthquake Sequence?

Diffuse deformation explains the magnitude-dependent coseismic shallow slip deficit

Monitoring creep along the Hayward Fault using structure-from-motion photogrammetry of offset curbs

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