Spatio-temporal frequency characteristics of the optomotor response in zebrafish

Maaswinkel, Hans; Li, Lei

doi:10.1016/s0042-6989(02)00395-4

Cited by 62 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Dragonfly larvae exhibited optomotor responses to the moving square-wave gratings by movement of the head and, in some cases, the body, in the direction of drum rotation. These mirror similar innate optomotor responses to moving gratings that have been demonstrated in a range of different species (Collewijn, 1970;David, 1979;Maaswinkel and Li, 2003). These responses provide a mechanism to reduce the motion of the visual image on the retina (retinal slip) when the visual scene is displaced relative to the gaze of the animal.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

“…These responses provide a mechanism to reduce the motion of the visual image on the retina (retinal slip) when the visual scene is displaced relative to the gaze of the animal. In practice, this enables animals experiencing retinal slip during periods of motion to stabilize their position relative to the environment, for example during flight (Srinivasan and Zhang, 2004) or in moving water (Maaswinkel and Li, 2003). Such wide field motion detection is highly important for aeshnid dragonfly larvae, to maintain body position in moving water during periods of active hunting.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Polarization sensitivity as a visual contrast enhancer in the Emperor dragonfly larva,Anax imperator(Leach, 1815)

Sharkey

Partridge

Roberts

2015

Journal of Experimental Biology

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Polarization sensitivity (PS) is a common feature of invertebrate visual systems. In insects, PS is well known for its use in several different visually guided behaviours, particularly navigation and habitat search. Adult dragonflies use the polarization of light to find water but a role for PS in aquatic dragonfly larvae, a stage that inhabits a very different photic environment to the adults, has not been investigated. The optomotor response of the larvae of the Emperor dragonfly, Anax imperator Leach 1815, was used to determine whether these larvae use PS to enhance visual contrast underwater. Two different light scattering conditions were used to surround the larval animals: a naturalistic horizontally polarized light field and a non-naturalistic weakly polarized light field. In both cases these scattering light fields obscured moving intensity stimuli that provoke an optokinetic response in the larvae. Animals were shown to track the movement of a square-wave grating more closely when it was viewed through the horizontally polarized light field, equivalent to a similar increase in tracking ability observed in response to an 8% increase in the intensity contrast of the stimuli. Our results suggest that larval PS enhances the intensity contrast of a visual scene under partially polarized lighting conditions that occur naturally in freshwater environments.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polarization sensitivity as a visual contrast enhancer in the Emperor dragonfly larva,Anax imperator(Leach, 1815)

Sharkey

Partridge

Roberts

2015

Journal of Experimental Biology

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“…We found for Xenopus tadpoles, as did Schaerer and Neumeyer (1996) for goldfish, that within the range we tested, sensitivity is invariant relative to the spatial frequency of the gratings. In zebrafish, an extended range of spatial frequencies was tested and significant losses in sensitivity were observed at high frequencies (Maaswinkel and Li 2003). From optical considerations alone (Chung et al 1975), we would not expect Xenopus tadpoles to exhibit optomotor responses to spatial frequencies Ͼ9 cyc/rad.…”

Section: The Optomotor Responsementioning

confidence: 99%

Circadian Modulation of Temporal Properties of the Rod Pathway in LarvalXenopus

Solessio

Scheraga²,

Engbretson³

et al. 2004

Journal of Neurophysiology

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. Circadian clocks are integral components of visual systems. They help adjust an animal's vision to diurnal changes in ambient illumination. To understand how circadian clocks may adapt visual sensitivity, we investigated the spatial and temporal properties of optomotor responses of young Xenopus laevis tadpoles (Nieuwkoop and Faber, developmental stage 48) using a modified 2-alternative preferential-viewing method. We maintained animals in constant darkness and measured temporal sensitivity during their subjective day and night. We found that their behavioral responses can be explained in terms of 2 mechanisms with different temporal properties. The more sensitive mechanism operates at low temporal frequencies and intermediate wavelengths ( max ϭ 520 nm), properties consistent with rod signals. Threshold for this mechanism is approximately 0.04 photoisomerizations rod Ϫ1 s Ϫ1 , consistent with single-photon detection. A less-sensitive mechanism responds to higher temporal frequencies (cutoff ϭ 12 Hz) and has broad spectral sensitivity (370 -720 nm), consistent with multiple classes of cone signals. This cone mechanism does not change, but the cutoff frequency of the more sensitive rod mechanism shifts from 0.35 Hz at night to 1.1 Hz during the subjective day, thereby enhancing the animal's sensitivity to dim rapidly changing stimuli. This day-night shift in rod temporal cutoff frequency cycles in complete darkness, characteristic of an endogenous circadian rhythm. The temporal properties of the behaviorally measured rod mechanism correspond closely with those of the electrophysiologically measured retinal response, indicating that the rod signals are modulated at the level of the outer retina.

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“…Adult zebrafish OMR has been described completely by others 7 . In this video, we just show you this behavior with our apparatus.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using the optokinetic response to study visual function of zebrafish

Zou

Zhang

et al. 2010

JoVE

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Optokinetic response (OKR) is a behavior that an animal vibrates its eyes to follow a rotating grating around it. It has been widely used to assess the visual functions of larval zebrafish [1][2][3][4][5] . Nevertheless, the standard protocol for larval fish is not yet readily applicable in adult zabrafish. Here, we introduce how to measure the OKR of adult zebrafish with our simple custom-built apparatus using a new protocol which is established in our lab. Both our apparatus and step-by-step procedure of OKR in adult zebrafish are illustrated in this video. In addition, the measurements of the larval OKR, as well as the optomotor response (OMR) test of adult zebrafish, are also demonstrated in this video. This OKR assay of adult zebrafish in our experiment may last for up to 4 hours. Such OKR test applied in adult fish will benefit to visual function investigation more efficiently when the adult fish vision system is manipulated.Su-Qi Zou and Wu Yin contributed equally to this paper. Protocol Part I: Construct the OKR apparatusDetails are shown in video demonstration. Part II: OKR of Adult ZebrafishIf your lab has constructed an OKR apparatus, the key of adult zebrafish OKR is to hold the fish. In this part, we will show you step by step.Our apparatus composes following parts similar to others mentioned. The circular fish chamber is 7.0 cm in outer diameter, 6.5 cm in inner diameter and 7.0 cm in high. The drum around fish chamber is 8.5 cm in out diameter, 7.5 cm in inner diameter and 7.0 cm in high. It could rotate clockwise and counter-clockwise with the speed from 20~70 rotations per min (rpm). Eleven cycles of black and white stripes are drawn on a tracing paper which adhered on the outside of the drum. The light system is composed of two circle light tubes in 21 cm diameter. The cliff made in this middle is to make sure that the visual field was not being sheltered.

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Spatio-temporal frequency characteristics of the optomotor response in zebrafish

Cited by 62 publications

References 43 publications

Polarization sensitivity as a visual contrast enhancer in the Emperor dragonfly larva,Anax imperator(Leach, 1815)

Polarization sensitivity as a visual contrast enhancer in the Emperor dragonfly larva,Anax imperator(Leach, 1815)

Circadian Modulation of Temporal Properties of the Rod Pathway in LarvalXenopus

Using the optokinetic response to study visual function of zebrafish

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