Spatio-Temporal Dynamics of Viruses are Differentially Affected by Parasitoids Depending on the Mode of Transmission

Dáder, Beatriz; Moreno, Aránzazu; Viñuela, Elisa; Fereres, Alberto

doi:10.3390/v4113069

Cited by 37 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…; Dáder et al . ). Natural enemies may even be indirectly responsible for a significant proportion of new infections, though they also reduce the overall number of vectors through consumption (Hodge, Hardie & Powell ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…For example, natural enemies of aphids – the primary vectors of many plant viruses – can potentially influence virus transmission to new hosts through impacts on aphid behaviour and dispersal (Chau & Mackauer ; Dáder et al . ). Several studies have reported increased rates of virus transmission by vectors when predators or parasitoids were introduced into mesocosms containing infected and susceptible host plants and aphids (Christiansen‐Weniger, Powell & Hardie ; Smyrnioudis et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…; Dáder et al . ). And other studies have found virus effects on parasitoid fitness, mediated by direct effects of virus circulation within vectors (Christiansen‐Weniger, Powell & Hardie ), which could potentially feed back to influence both virus transmission and top‐down regulation of vector populations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Virus infection influences host plant interactions with non‐vector herbivores and predators

et al. 2014

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Summary1. Viruses are widespread in both natural and agricultural plant communities and can significantly alter diverse traits of their host plants that mediate key interactions with other organisms. Yet, the impacts of plant viruses on broader community dynamics remain little studied. 2. Here, we explore the effects of Cucumber mosaic virus, a common non-persistently transmitted plant virus, on short-and long-term interactions of herbivorous and predatory insects with squash (Cucurbita pepo) plants in a weedy field setting, as well as virus-induced changes in plant phenotypes that mediate these interactions. Cucumber mosaic virus has previously been shown to have numerous effects on host plants that likely influence interactions with arthropods, including reduced plant size, increased volatile emissions, and diminished plant quality and palatability for aphid vectors. 3. Infection reduced the likelihood of many herbivorous insects arresting and feeding on plants, as well as the apparency of plants to herbivores that base in-flight foraging on visual cues. In particular, infection drastically reduced numbers of a specialist squash herbivore (Anasa tristis) on plants in the field -a pattern likely driven by a reduction of phagostimulatory sugar levels in leaf tissue and concurrent increase in amino acid levels, as nymphal development was not obviously impacted by infection status. Relative to effects on herbivores, virus infection had little impact on the ability of predatory insects to locate aphid prey, although an experiment examining plant visitation in the absence of aphids revealed reduced numbers of foraging Syrphidae (Diptera) and Coccinellidae (Coleoptera) on infected plants but increased visitation and oviposition by Chrysopidae (Neuroptera). 4. CMV infection may reduce overall herbivore pressure on infected plants through effects on palatability and apparency, yet predators appear to locate herbivorous prey that do occur on infected plants as efficiently as those on healthy plants. 5. Virus infection can significantly influence plant interactions with the insect community (including non-vector as well as vector insects) with potential implications both for disease spread and for broader community dynamics.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Virus infection influences host plant interactions with non‐vector herbivores and predators

et al. 2014

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“…Vectors forage in heterogenous environments and interact with other herbivores and predators as they move within and among host plants. Interactions between vectors and predators, hosts, and other herbivores can in turn affect the transmission of plant viruses by altering vector abundance (density-mediated effects) and behavior (trait-mediated effects; Power 1991, Smyrnioudis et al 2001, Malmstrom et al 2005, Hodge and Powell 2008, Thaler et al 2010, D ader et al 2012, Finke 2012, Ostfeld and Keesing 2012, Long and Finke 2015, Chisholm et al 2018.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tri‐trophic interactions mediate the spread of a vector‐borne plant pathogen

Clark

Basu

Lee

et al. 2019

Ecology

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Many insect herbivores are vectors that transmit plant pathogens as they forage. Within food webs, vectors interact with a range of host plants, other herbivores, and predators. Yet, few studies have examined how tri‐trophic interactions involving vectors affect the spread of pathogens. Here we assessed effects of food web structure on aphid vectors and the prevalence of an aphid‐borne persistent pathogen (Pea enation mosaic virus, PEMV) in pea plants. We experimentally manipulated ladybird predators, alternative host plants, and non‐vector herbivores and assessed responses of pea aphids and PEMV using structural equation models. We show that variation in bottom‐up, top‐down, and horizontal interactions mediated PEMV prevalence. Predators reduced PEMV prevalence by consuming aphids, but an alternative host plant (vetch) had the opposite effect by promoting aphid movement and abundance. Non‐vector herbivores (pea leaf weevil) increased PEMV susceptibility in peas. In turn, weevils offset the positive effects of predators on PEMV, but increased the negative effects of vetch. Our results show that tri‐trophic interactions within insect and plant food webs can mediate vector biology with synergistic and opposing effects on pathogens. Continuing to assess how community‐wide interactions affect vectors will aid in our understanding of vector‐borne pathosystems.

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“…Natural enemies of insect vectors also play an important role in altering virus spread patterns by using different strategic methods. According to Dáder et al (2012) Aphid parasitoid, Aphidius colemani Viereck 1912 increased the spread of nonpersistently transmitted CMV in cucumber, but reduced the spread of persistently transmitted Cucurbit aphid-borne yellows virus.…”

Section: Insect Vector Ecologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant Virus Ecology: A Glimpse of Recent Accomplishments

Islam¹

2017

Appl Ecol Env Res

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Abstract. Plant virus ecology mainly focuses upon populations and their interactions with host plants within environment. The subject includes interesting insights as many factors which affect the virus behavior, population, virus-vector interactions, biodiversity and host plants genotypes are involved in it.Moreover the achievements in the field of molecular ecology by application of recent molecular biology techniques are included which enhance the strength in understanding the economically important virus populations, growth and their world wide spread. Virus infection results direct and indirect effect on insect vectors by evolution of changes in their life cycles, health and interacting behaviors that support their spread. Similarly, the description of the recent information about how plant viruses disseminate towards the important agro-ecological zones in naturally managed vegetations and which factors play important role in ecological aspects are also included in this review. The modern era of science and technology requires a better understanding about movement of viruses in both directions which has become a highly important issue to levitate such kinds of aspects thus making plant virus ecology an exciting research discipline in future.

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Spatio-Temporal Dynamics of Viruses are Differentially Affected by Parasitoids Depending on the Mode of Transmission

Cited by 37 publications

References 46 publications

Virus infection influences host plant interactions with non‐vector herbivores and predators

Virus infection influences host plant interactions with non‐vector herbivores and predators

Tri‐trophic interactions mediate the spread of a vector‐borne plant pathogen

Plant Virus Ecology: A Glimpse of Recent Accomplishments

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