Spatio-temporal dynamics of land use/land cover and its driving forces in Nanjing from 1995 to 2008

Research on the sustainability of "greening" process in the Mu Us Sandy Land based on the spatiotemporal stability of ecological land

“…From a LULC perspective, stability can be measured by the area proportion of the LULC types that remain unchanged within a region over a while. For this reason, the spatial stability of ecological land refers to the characteristics that ecological land maintains its land type attributes unchanged in the study area within a period [ 50 , 51 ]. Therefore, the calculation method is as follows: …”

“…If ecological land maintains its land type attributes unchanged during the study period in the study area, it can be called continuous stable ecological land, or greening stability [14][15][16][17]; Instead, if changes, it is classified as stage-stable ecological land, which can be divided into green stability addition and green stability reduction [17,50,51]. In five raster image data (2000/2005/2010/2015/2020), the land type of the grid unit has always been grassland (forest), which was continuous stable ecological land; If the land type was grassland (forest) in the first two (three/four) periods, and there existed no grassland (forest) of two continuous rasters in the last three (two/one) periods, which was called green stability reduction; If it was no grassland (forest) of two continuous rasters in the first (two/three) periods, and there existed grassland (forest) of two continuous rasters in the last four (three/two) periods, which was green stability addition.…”