Spatio-temporal distribution of tuberculosis and the effects of environmental factors in China

Abstract

Background Although the World Health Organization reports that the incidence of tuberculosis in China is decreasing every year, the burden of tuberculosis in China is still very heavy. Understanding the spatial and temporal distribution pattern of tuberculosis in China and its influencing environmental factors will provide effective reference for the prevention and treatment of tuberculosis. Methods Data of TB incidence from 2010 to 2017 were collected. Time series and global spatial autocorrelation were used to analyze the temporal and spatial distribution pattern of tuberculosis incidence in China, Geodetector and Geographically Weighted Regression model were used to analyze the environmental factors affecting the TB incidence. Results In addition to 2007 and 2008, the TB incidence decreased in general. TB has a strong spatial aggregation. Cities in Northwest China have been showing a trend of high-value aggregation. In recent years, the center of gravity of high-value aggregation area in South China has moved further south. Temperature, humidity, precipitation, PM10, PM2.5, O3, NO2 and SO2 have impacts on TB incidence, and in different regions, the environmental factors show regional differences. Conclusions Residents should pay more attention to the risk of developing TB caused by climate change and air pollutant exposure. Increased efforts should be placed on areas with high-value clustering in future public resource configurations.

Epidemiological characteristics of tuberculosis incidence and its macro-influence factors in Chinese mainland during 2014–2021

“…Although only limited evidence is currently available regarding the association between meteorological factors and TB incidence at the nationwide in China, the findings of the present study are basically consistent with existing reports that Atemp, ARH, AWS, PRE and SD were associated with TB incidence [ 4 , 10 , 11 , 14 , 33 , 34 ]. A study conducted in 16 cities in Anhui province reported that low temperature increased the risk of TB hospitalizations [ 34 ].…”

“…China, the third-largest contributor to global TB burden [ 1 ], reported an incidence rate of 45.37/100,000 in 2021 [ 3 ]. While China has made commendable progress in TB control, ongoing attention is required for high-risk areas and populations [ 4 ]. Therefore, a comprehensive understanding of the demographic, temporal, and spatial distribution of TB is essential for effective interventions.…”

“…Various macro-level factors, such as climate change, population migration, and urbanization, significantly influence infectious disease patterns [ 9 ]. Recent researches have investigated the relationship between these macroscopic factors and TB incidence, using diverse statistical analyses [ 4 , 5 , 10 , 11 ]. The logistic and line regression models were usually used for exploring the linear relationship, based on the individual data.…”

Epidemiological Characteristics of Influenza Outbreaks in Schools in Jiangsu Province, China, 2020- 2023 Post-COVID-19 Pandemic

“…Every year, in uenza virus subtypes alternate in circulation, and this may be in uenced by factors such as population immunity levels and environmental conditions [20,21]. Dominant in uenza virus subtypes continually shift, showing a certain pattern of alternation.…”

Analysis of the china tuberculosis incidence study from 2004 to 2019 and association with GDP per capita: A Frontier Analysis

“…Conversely, I < 0 indicates negative spatial correlation, with a smaller value indicating a greater spatial difference. When I = 0, it indicates spatial randomness [9]. While the latter is employed to assess the impact of individual locations on the magnitude of the global statistic and to identify the location and types of clusters.…”