Spatio-Temporal Database of Places Located in the Border Area

Abstract

As a result of changes in boundaries, the political affiliation of locations also changes. Data on such locations are now collected in datasets with reference to the present or to the past space. Therefore, they can refer to localities that either no longer exist, have a different name now, or lay outside of the current borders of the country. Moreover, thematic data describing the past are related to events, customs, items that are always "somewhere". Storytelling about the past is incomplete without knowledge about the places in which the given story has happened. Therefore, the objective of the article is to discuss the concept of spatio-temporal database for border areas as an "engine" for visualization of thematic data in time-oriented geographical space. The paper focuses on studying the place names on the Polish-Ukrainian border, analyzing the changes that have occurred in this area over the past 80 years (where there were three different countries during this period), and defining the changeability rules. As a result of the research, the architecture of spatio-temporal databases is defined, as well as the rules for using them for data geovisualisation in historical context.

Geodesy and Cartography

“…Together, they enable us to understand the topographical conditions of many phenomena. But the most important elements enabling us to orient ourselves on maps unambiguously are names (Mościcka and Kuźma, 2018).…”

GIScience Theory Based Assessment of Spatial Disparity of Geodetic Control Points Location

“…The ground stability of geodetic control points provides quality to the results of geometric measures, enables an accurate and detailed description of land topography, and changes relative to Earth processes, natural hazards, and climate change [5]. Control surveys serve as the basis for initiating or reviewing subordinate surveys for property boundary delineation [6], route and construction planning [7,8], engineering object displacements [9], cadastral and topographic mapping [10], as well as many environmental applications and cultural heritage preservation and monitoring [11,12]. They are indispensable as a reference framework for land administration systems, especially for georeferencing spatial objects [13][14][15].…”

“…km), however they tend to cluster slightly in urbanized areas and forests (1.3 and 1.4 points per sq. km, respectively).Hence, the base geodetic control points (thereinafter refed as BGCPs) are of utmost importance for georeferencing of manuscripts of historical maps [11,18,19] or images from unmanned aerial vehicles [20].Geodetic control points should cover an area relatively evenly to enable accurate and cost-effective measurements [21][22][23]. Although there is a variety of studies considering the design and densification of geodetic control networks [16,24,25] as well as investigating the influence of topographic objects that hinder the visibility of the horizon, interfere with satellite signals, and, finally, affect the quality of geodetic control stations' positioning [26][27][28], a profound analysis of the spatial pattern of geodetic control points still requires investigation.…”

“…Hence, the base geodetic control points (thereinafter refed as BGCPs) are of utmost importance for georeferencing of manuscripts of historical maps [11,18,19] or images from unmanned aerial vehicles [20].…”