Spatio-temporal change detection of land use and land cover in Malakand Division Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan, using remote sensing and geographic information system

Gul, Shehla; Bibi, Tehmina; Rahim, Sabit; Gul, Yasmeen; Niaz, Abrar; Mumtaz, Sameena; Shedayi, Arshad Ali

doi:10.1007/s11356-022-22960-7

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Many scholars have studied Land Use and Land Cover (LULC) changes in different localities within the mountainous regions of Pakistan [22][23][24][25]. Most of these studies have reported a negative trend of rangeland and forest cover.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Animals Feed in Transition: Intricate Interplay of Land Use Land Cover Change and Fodder Sources in Kurram Valley, Pakistan

Hussain,

Rahman,

Ullah

et al. 2024

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Land use land cover (LULC) changes have emerged as a pivotal driver of environmental challenges in the Northwestern mountainous belts of Pakistan. These changes are increasingly recognized for their pervasive impacts on biodiversity and ecosystem services. The conversion of pastures and rangelands into other land uses is a key facet of LULC change, posing a substantial threat to the availability of animal feed sources. This study aims to evaluate LULC changes and investigate their consequences on animal feed sources in the Upper Kurram Valley, located in the Koh-e-Safid mountain of Northwestern Pakistan. The study employs a multidisciplinary methodological approach that incorporates remotely sensed data, focus group discussions, interviews, and field observations. The study findings uncover a notable decline in rangeland (26.6%) and forest cover (28.7%) over a span of more than three decades (1987–2019). The shrinkage of rangeland has spurred an increased reliance on crop residues and fodder crops. The free grazing practices have been replaced by stall-feeding and controlled grazing methods. This declining rangeland resources has negatively affected animal husbandry, and the average number of livestock per household decreased from 32 in 1980 to 3.7 in 2019. In essence, this transition has not only impacted animal feed sources but also reshaped the livelihoods of local communities closely connected to animal husbandry.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Animals Feed in Transition: Intricate Interplay of Land Use Land Cover Change and Fodder Sources in Kurram Valley, Pakistan

Hussain,

Rahman,

Ullah

et al. 2024

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“…Remote sensing imagery is an important tool for monitoring changes in LULC and urban expansion (Mehdi et al, 2021). In particular, their high temporal resolution helps to monitor the rate of change and identify the possible causative factors (Gul et al, 2022;Tariq et al, 2022). The long-term temporal availability of Landsat images makes it easier to identify past LULC and detect temporal changes (Butt et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The long-term temporal availability of Landsat images makes it easier to identify past LULC and detect temporal changes (Butt et al, 2015). No one can deny the role of remote sensing in mapping and monitoring LULC changes over short timescales with greater accuracy at a low or no cost (Gul et al, 2022). Working with the Google Earth Engine (GEE) since 2010, the use of remote sensing images has become more attractive as this online platform provides global scale analysis capabilities and access to multiple catalogs of satellite images, i.e., Landsat, Sentinel, MODIS, and so on (Gandharum et al, 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Urban expansion impacts on agricultural land and thermal environment in Larkana, Pakistan

Rahman

Chandio

Moazzam

et al. 2023

Front. Environ. Sci.

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Urban area expansion and the increase in the built-up area are major threats to agriculture, the natural environment, and ecology throughout the world. The population of the city of Larkana is rapidly increasing due to natural growth and uncontrolled migration from the surrounding areas, which have resulted in a haphazard increase in the built-up area over the fertile agricultural land and affected the city’s thermal environment. This research aims to evaluate the impacts of urban area expansion on agricultural land and the thermal environment of the study area by assessing the change in land use/ land cover (LULC) from 1990 to 2020 and land surface temperature (LST). For this purpose, the Random Forest (RF) algorithm was applied, and LST was calculated in Google Earth Engine (GEE) using Landsat imageries for the years 1990, 2000, 2010, and 2020. For the RF classifier algorithm, 3500 reference random points were generated for each year, which were then randomly divided into two datasets, i.e., a training sample consisting of 70% of the points and a validation dataset (30% of the points). After LULC classification, the results were validated for 1990, 2000, 2010, and 2020, and the accuracy was 88.3%, 89%, 90.01%, and 90.8%, respectively. The study results showed that the built-up area increased from 12.31 to 43.83 km2 while the barren land in the study region decreased from 56.51 km2 to 11.62 km2. The agricultural land was 66.66 km2 in 1990, expanded to 101.38 km2, and then decreased to 79.49 km2 in 2020. The results also revealed that most of the urban expansion in the last decade (2010-2020) took place on agricultural land. The urban thermal environment also showed a gradual increase in surface temperatur,e as recorded by the LST results. The LST results revealed that the maximum LST was 33.4°C in 1990, which increased to 36.1°C in 2020, and similarly, the minimum LST was 25.1°C, which also increased to 26.6°C in 2020. This study provides useful results for stakeholders to devise better policies and plans to control further haphazard urban expansion on fertile agricultural land in the study area.

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“…Detection of the land use and land cover is very important to analyze the global change detection at spatio-temporal scales. For the collection of the information on the thematic change, the analysis on multi-spectral datasets are required under the adequate framework (Gul et al, 2023). Transformations of lands for human practices or altering management practices on human conquered land, is transforming the earth's land surface (Ouédraogo, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatio-Temporal Changes in Patterns of Land Use and Land Cover in Peri - Urban Areas of Faisalabad City

Afzal,

Waseem,

Khurshid

et al. 2023

Pak. J. Humanit. Soc. Sci

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The changes in land use occurs with the passage of time in an area where the priorities of living standard changes. The increase in population and better socio-economic opportunities within urban localities influences the peripheral areas as well as the proximities. The aims of the study changes in land use patterns in peri urban areas. The current research evaluated the variation in land use preferences in Faisalabad city during the 2000, 2010 and 2017, covering 18 years. The change is detected through satellite images by applying the supervised classification in specified classes including vegetation, built up areas, barren land and water bodies. The analyses of the acquired images disclosed that the dominant land utilization in the peri-urban zone is the built-up or infrastructure development. This urban expansion and development mostly influenced the agricultural land or vegetation cover, as results vegetation cover reduced rapidly. Out of the total land area, the urban infrastructure area with 24% in 2000, increased to 46% in 2017. The results further indicated that the city is expanding rapidly towards the peri-urban areas. For the most part of the peri-urban, land is converted to urban land uses as for housing, infrastructure and commercial activities.

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Spatio-temporal change detection of land use and land cover in Malakand Division Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan, using remote sensing and geographic information system

Cited by 9 publications

References 26 publications

Animals Feed in Transition: Intricate Interplay of Land Use Land Cover Change and Fodder Sources in Kurram Valley, Pakistan

Animals Feed in Transition: Intricate Interplay of Land Use Land Cover Change and Fodder Sources in Kurram Valley, Pakistan

Urban expansion impacts on agricultural land and thermal environment in Larkana, Pakistan

Spatio-Temporal Changes in Patterns of Land Use and Land Cover in Peri - Urban Areas of Faisalabad City

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