Spatially and temporally regulating translation via mRNA‐binding proteins in cellular and neuronal function

Abstract

Edited by Wilhelm JustCoordinated regulation of mRNA localization and local translation are essential steps in cellular asymmetry and function. It is increasingly evident that mRNA-binding proteins play critical functions in controlling the fate of mRNA, including when and where translation occurs. In this review, we discuss the robust and complex roles that mRNA-binding proteins play in the regulation of local translation that impact cellular function in vertebrates. First, we discuss the role of local translation in cellular polarity and possible links to vertebrate development and patterning. Next, we discuss the expanding role for local protein synthesis in neuronal development and function, with special focus on how a number of neurological diseases have given us insight into the importance of translational regulation. Finally, we discuss the everincreasing set of tools to study regulated translation and how these tools will be vital in pushing forward and addressing the outstanding questions in the field.

The Conserved, Disease-Associated RNA Binding Protein dNab2 Interacts with the Fragile X Protein Ortholog in Drosophila Neurons

“…The pool of ZC3H14 protein that distributes into distal hippocampal processes is likely to be part of larger mRNP complexes that modulate mRNA processing and translation (Donlin-Asp et al, 2017). This hypothesis was tested by linear sucrose density gradient fractionation of cytoplasmic P13 (postnatal day 13) mouse brain lysates generated in the presence or absence of the Ca +2 chelator EDTA, which disrupts mRNP complexes, including mono- and polyribosomes (Stefani et al, 2004) (Fig.…”

Emerging roles of RNA‐binding proteins in diabetes and their therapeutic potential in diabetic complications

“…Diabetes also impacts skeletal muscle function causing muscle weakness and atrophy (Andersen et al, 1997;Hernandez-Ochoa & Vanegas, 2015) RBPs are important regulators of cell survival and function, because they have essential roles in fundamental cellular processes such as proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis (Brinegar & Cooper, 2016;Castello, Fischer, Hentze, & Preiss, 2013;Gerstberger et al, 2014). Dysregulation of RBPs has been observed in a plethora of diseases including cancer (reviewed in Castello et al, 2013;Gerstberger et al, 2014), neurological (reviewed in Cookson, 2017;Donlin-Asp, Rossoll, & Bassell, 2017), and cardiovascular diseases (reviewed in de Bruin, Rabelink, van Zonneveld, & van der Veer, 2017;Nutter et al, 2016;Verma et al, 2016;Xin, Deng, & Fu, 2014). Several RBPs have been associated with the development of diabetes or with diabetic complications (Ben-Haim, Moshitch-Moshkovitz, & Rechavi, 2015;Chu et al, 2008;Gerken et al, 2007;Lyssenko et al, 2008;Rao et al, 2016;Scott et al, 2007;van Hoek et al, 2008;Wood et al, 2016).…”

Mirroring the multifaceted role of RNA and its partners in gene expression

“…Therefore, the discovery of new types of RNA molecules went hand in hand with the unearthing of new RNA‐binding proteins that specifically or promiscuously interact with RNAs to implement various functions. In this respect, FEBS Letters published recently a series of review articles related to RNA‐binding proteins and their cellular and neuronal functions (https://febs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/toc/10.1002/(ISSN)1873-3468.MRNATRANSPORT) . The present Special Issue extends this series by highlighting recent topics in RNA research such as RNA modifications, RNA‐RNA and RNA‐protein interactions, and RNA‐regulated pathways.…”

“…. mRNA transport, local translation and processing) [12][13][14][15][16][17]. The present Special Issue extends this series by highlighting recent topics in RNA research such as RNA modifications, RNA-RNA and RNA-protein interactions, and RNAregulated pathways.…”