Spatialand Temporal Variation in Concentration of F-Specific Rna Bacteriophages in an Open Channel Receiving Johkasou Effluents

Viral indicators for tracking domestic wastewater contamination in the aquatic environment

“…However, in a tributary of the Uji River to the South of Kyoto, FRNAP-II was detected only during winter. FRNAP-III was also found to be more prevalent during winter at both sites, a trend also observed in effluent from Johkasou effluent by Setiyawan et al (2013). Culturable phages infecting Bacteroides showed no seasonal changes in their concentration in river water in the UK (Ebdon et al, 2007) and in wastewater collected in seven US states (McMinn et al, 2014) and in Brazil (Prado et al, 2018).…”

“…The PMMoV titre was assessed in wastewater samples derived from the USA, Germany, New Zealand and Vietnam (Hamza et al, 2011;Kitajima et al, 2014;Kuroda et al, 2015;Rosario et al, 2009;Schmitz et al, 2016;Symonds et al, 2016). FRNAP-II prevalence in wastewater was only assessed in Japan and Ireland (Flannery et al, 2013;Haramoto et al, 2015Haramoto et al, , 2012Lee et al, 2018), while FRNAP-III prevalence in wastewater was only assessed in Japan (Haramoto et al, 2015(Haramoto et al, , 2012Lee et al, 2018;Setiyawan et al, 2014Setiyawan et al, , 2013. In wastewater, the concentrations of phages associated with Bacteroides BG-124 were assessed in the USA, Brazil, the UK (England) and Switzerland (E. Dias et al, 2018a;McMinn et al, 2014;Prado et al, 2018;Purnell et al, 2015;Stefanakis et al, 2019;Wicki et al, 2015), BacRYC 2056P were investigated in Colombia, the UK, Spain, France, Cyprus, Sweden, Switzerland and Thailand (Cost an-Longares et al, 2008;Gomila et al, 2008;Payan et al, 2005;Venegas et al, 2015;Wangkahad et al, 2017;Wicki et al, 2015Wicki et al, , 2011, BacGA17P were found in Colombia and several European countries (Casanovas-Massana et al, 2015;Cost an-Longares et al, 2008;Gomila et al, 2008;Mayer et al, 2016;Payan et al, 2005;Venegas et al, 2015;Wicki et al, 2015) and BacARABA84P was identified in Switzerland...…”