Spatial variation in sapwood area to leaf area ratio and specific leaf area within a crown of silver birch

Sellin, Arne; Kupper, Priit

doi:10.1007/s00468-005-0042-2

Cited by 33 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 41 publications

(50 reference statements)

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“…SLA is a well studied and important plant attribute, but most publications in the forestry literature have primarily examined within-stand variability for a particular species [3,16,35,36,49]. Further, studies on conifer SLA have tended to focus on only a single foliage age class [3,21,30].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hence, SLA within a stand generally decreases with increasing foliage age [7,13,17] and with increasing height from the ground [21]. Differences in SLA from the interior to the periphery of the crown have rarely been examined; however, SLA decreased with distance from bole in both silver birch (Betula pendula Roth) [36] and old-growth Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii (Mirb.)…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most recent studies on SLA have generally concentrated on describing within-rather than between-stand variability [3,16,35,36,49], so the generality of SLA predictive equations and their integration into process-based models remains uncertain. Across regional biomes in Oregon, the geographic distribution of mean canopy SLA was strongly correlated with leaf area index (LAI), suggesting that SLA could be accurately predicted from satellite estimates of LAI [31].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sources of within- and between-stand variability in specific leaf area of three ecologically distinct conifer species

et al. 2008

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of within-and between-stand variability in specific leaf area of three ecologically distinct conifer species. Annals of Forest Science, Springer Verlag/EDP Sciences, 2008, 65 (1), pp.1-10. Ann. For. Sci. 65 (2008) Laws.) were used to estimate variability of SLA within a canopy and its relationship to tree-and stand-level covariates, and to predict SLA at various locations in tree crowns. Also, in the case of hybrid spruce, variation in SLA due to different relative horizontal lengths from the bole was examined. In all species, SLA systematically increased from tree tip to crown base and decreased with foliage age class. Cardinal direction did not have a highly significant influence in either Douglas-fir or hybrid spruce, but SLA did significantly decrease from branch tip to bole in hybrid spruce. Tree-and stand-level (e.g. density, site index) factors had relatively little influence on SLA, but stand age did have a significant positive influence. For ponderosa pine, a significant relationship between canopy mean current-year SLA and carbon isotope discrimination was also found, suggesting the importance of water stress in this species. An equation was fitted to estimate SLA at various points in the canopy for each species and foliage age class using absolute height in the canopy, relative vertical height in the tree, and stand age. Les relations entre SLA et des covariables à l'échelle de l'arbre ou du peuplement ont été précisées, un modèle prédictif de SLA à différents niveaux dans les couronnes a été construit. Dans le cas de l'épicéa, l'impact de la distance de branche entre l'aiguille et le tronc a également été testé. Dans toutes les espèces, SLA augmentait systématiquement du sommet des arbres à la base de la couronne, et diminuait avec la classe d'âge des aiguilles. La direction cardinale n'avait guère d'influence sur SLA ni dans le cas du Douglas ni dans celui de l'épicéa ; mais SLA diminuait systématiquement depuis l'extrémité des branches vers le tronc. Les facteurs arbre et peuplement (comme la densité, l'indice de productivité de la station) n'avaient que peu d'impact sur SLA alors que l'âge du peuplement avait un effet significatif et positif. Pour le pin ponderosa, une relation significative a été détectée entre la valeur moyenne de SLA des aiguilles de l'année et la discrimination isotopique du carbone, ce qui suggère l'impact des contraintes hydriques pour cette espèce. Un modèle de prédiction de SLA à différentes positions dans la canopée a été ajusté sur les données de chaque espèce et classe d'âge, en se basant sur la hauteur dans la canopée, la hauteur relative dans l'arbre et l'âge du peuplement.surface spécifique foliaire / masse surfacique des aiguilles / sapin de Douglas / épicéa hybride / pin ponderosa / modèles mixtes

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sources of within- and between-stand variability in specific leaf area of three ecologically distinct conifer species

et al. 2008

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“…From the approach used in this contribution, the units of HV therefore were cm 2 kg -1 . Some authors (e.g., Mencuccini and Grace 1994; Mencuccini and Bonosi 2001;Sellin and Kupper 2006) prefer to express the Huber value as the needle area to the sapwood area ratio (m 2 cm -2 ). We therefore also calculated HV in this way.…”

Section: Huber Valuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Above- and below-ground biomass, surface and volume, and stored water in a mature Scots pine stand

2014

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This study describes the amount and the spatial distribution of the above-and below-ground tree skeletondefined as the woody structure of stem, branches and rootsin a mature Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) stand in Belgium. Tree skeleton data were linked to the respective needle area, and as such, this work provides the background framework for modeling the tree hydraulic architecture and the carbon balance of the forest stand. Using validated allometric equations, we were able to calculate the amount of the volume, of the biomass and of the corresponding surface areas of individual trees in the stand. Total woody biomass of the 66-year-old forest stand was 155 Mg ha -1 , i.e., 126 Mg ha -1 above ground and 29 Mg ha -1 below ground. The total bio-volume of the woody mass of the stand was 314 m 3 ha -1 . The highest fraction of this value was the stem bio-volume, i.e., 236 m 3 ha -1 or 75 % of the total. The total volume of all roots was 57 m 3 ha -1 (18 % of the total volume), and the volume of branches was 20 m 3 ha -1 (7 % of the total volume). The surface area of the roots ranged from 38,000 m 2 ha -1 in the winter to 68,000 m 2 ha -1 in the spring. The surface area of the stems was 2,700 m 2 ha -1 , and the surface area of all branches reached 4,400 m 2 ha -1 . The total above-ground water storage in the xylem was 94 m 3 ha -1 (or 9.4 mm), while the accessible stored water was 2 mm of that quantity. A comparative analysis of the biometric parameters showed the balance between the different functionally connected, operational surface areas of the trees. The needle surface area was similar to the root surface area and in the same order of magnitude as the surface area of woody cambium. The results allow to link water uptake with transpiration and assimilation with respiration.

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“…However, the effects of light heterogeneity on branches and leaves within a tree crown remains unclear. For example, leaves with greater irradiance generally possess a smaller specific leaf area (SLA) due to the decrease in leaf thickness [11,12], but this hypothesis does not apply in all cases [13,14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patterns of Branch Growth and Death in Crowns of Sakhalin Spruce, Picea glehnii (F. Schmidt) Mast

Chen

Sumida

2017

Forests

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Abstract:The development of crown architecture strongly affects tree growth and survival. Growth and death of primary branches (those branching off from the main stem) and secondary branches (those from a primary branch) in the lowest part of the crown were investigated for Picea glehnii in an even-aged plantation. Probability of death of a primary branch decreased as the length between its basal location and the crown base (L CB ) increased (p = 0.04), but this probability was not significantly related to the relative photosynthetic photon flux density (rPPFD) above the primary branch (p = 0.18). The probability of producing one or more current-year shoots on a primary branch increased with increasing rPPFD above the primary branch (p = 0.01); however, this probability was unrelated to L CB (p = 0.29). Secondary branches at the distal part of a primary branch produced more current-year shoots and exhibited a lower probability of death than proximal branches (p < 0.01), probably because rPPFD above the distal secondary branches was greater than the proximal branches (p < 0.01). Our results suggest that, while local light conditions are relevant to shoot production and shoot death on a primary branch, the death of an entire primary branch may be related to some morphological attributes concerning the length to the crown base.

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Spatial variation in sapwood area to leaf area ratio and specific leaf area within a crown of silver birch

Cited by 33 publications

References 41 publications

Sources of within- and between-stand variability in specific leaf area of three ecologically distinct conifer species

Sources of within- and between-stand variability in specific leaf area of three ecologically distinct conifer species

Above- and below-ground biomass, surface and volume, and stored water in a mature Scots pine stand

Patterns of Branch Growth and Death in Crowns of Sakhalin Spruce, Picea glehnii (F. Schmidt) Mast

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