Spatial Variation in 2‐Methyl‐4‐chlorophenoxyacetic Acid Mineralization and Sorption in a Sandy Soil at Field Level

Fredslund, Line; Vinther, F.P.; Brinch, Ulla C.; Elsgaard, Lars; Rosenberg, Per; Jacobsen, Carsten Suhr

doi:10.2134/jeq2006.0208

Cited by 18 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…Consistent decline in average pesticide biodegradation rate with increasing soil depth has been reported for diverse compounds (Larsen et al, 2000 ; Rodriguez-Cruz et al, 2006 ; Stenrød et al, 2006 ; Gaultier and Farenhorst, 2007 ; Fredslund et al, 2008 ; Rodriguez Cruz et al, 2008 ; Shymko and Farenhorst, 2008 ; Badawi et al, 2013b ). This reduction in mineralization potential is detectable over relatively short vertical distances from the plow layer and into the subsoil, but sometimes extends down to the underlying aquifer (Batıoğlu-Pazarbaþı et al, 2012 ), and follows a general trend similar to that of total bacterial biomass (Holden and Fierer, 2005 ).…”

Section: Scale and Extent Of The Spatial Variability Of Biodegradatiosupporting

confidence: 56%

“…In surface soil, pesticide degradation potential can be characterized by low coefficients of variation, either because the pesticide is homogeneously poorly degraded [e.g., metribuzin and triazinamin in Vinther et al ( 2008 )] or because it is readily degraded in most samples [e.g., MCPA in top soil samples collected both at the field scale and across a few cm 2 (Fredslund et al, 2008 ; Badawi et al, 2013b )]. High CVs, often exceeding 40%, are associated with pesticides that show contrasting degradation potential across the sampled area [e.g., glyphosate (Vinther et al, 2008 ), linuron (Rasmussen et al, 2005 ), and isoproturon (Rodriguez-Cruz et al, 2006 )].…”

Section: Scale and Extent Of The Spatial Variability Of Biodegradatiomentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fine scale spatial variability of microbial pesticide degradation in soil: scales, controlling factors, and implications

et al. 2014

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Pesticide biodegradation is a soil microbial function of critical importance for modern agriculture and its environmental impact. While it was once assumed that this activity was homogeneously distributed at the field scale, mounting evidence indicates that this is rarely the case. Here, we critically examine the literature on spatial variability of pesticide biodegradation in agricultural soil. We discuss the motivations, methods, and main findings of the primary literature. We found significant diversity in the approaches used to describe and quantify spatial heterogeneity, which complicates inter-studies comparisons. However, it is clear that the presence and activity of pesticide degraders is often highly spatially variable with coefficients of variation often exceeding 50% and frequently displays non-random spatial patterns. A few controlling factors have tentatively been identified across pesticide classes: they include some soil characteristics (pH) and some agricultural management practices (pesticide application, tillage), while other potential controlling factors have more conflicting effects depending on the site or the pesticide. Evidence demonstrating the importance of spatial heterogeneity on the fate of pesticides in soil has been difficult to obtain but modeling and experimental systems that do not include soil's full complexity reveal that this heterogeneity must be considered to improve prediction of pesticide biodegradation rates or of leaching risks. Overall, studying the spatial heterogeneity of pesticide biodegradation is a relatively new field at the interface of agronomy, microbial ecology, and geosciences and a wealth of novel data is being collected from these different disciplinary perspectives. We make suggestions on possible avenues to take full advantage of these investigations for a better understanding and prediction of the fate of pesticides in soil.

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Section: Scale and Extent Of The Spatial Variability Of Biodegradatiosupporting

confidence: 56%

Section: Scale and Extent Of The Spatial Variability Of Biodegradatiomentioning

confidence: 99%

Fine scale spatial variability of microbial pesticide degradation in soil: scales, controlling factors, and implications

et al. 2014

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“…This confirms our hypothesis that litter addition together with MCPA favours the proliferation of the MCPA-degrading community and, thus, MCPA degradation at a larger scale. Our results are in line with the study of Fredslund et al (2008) who found that MCPA degradation in the field strongly depended on growth conditions for MCPA degraders.…”

Section: Mcpa-degrading Communitysupporting

confidence: 93%

Evidence for the importance of litter as a co-substrate for MCPA dissipation in an agricultural soil

Saleh

Pagel

Enowashu

et al. 2015

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Environmental controls of 2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid (MCPA) degradation are poorly understood. We investigated whether microbial MCPA degraders are stimulated by (maize) litter and whether this process depends on concentrations of MCPA and litter. In a microcosm experiment, different amounts of litter (0, 10 and 20 g kg(-1)) were added to soils exposed to three levels of the herbicide (0, 5 and 30 mg kg(-1)). The treated soils were incubated at 20 °C for 6 weeks, and samples were taken after 1, 3 and 6 weeks of incubation. In soils with 5 mg kg(-1) MCPA, about 50 % of the MCPA was dissipated within 1 week of the incubation. Almost complete dissipation of the herbicide had occurred by the end of the incubation with no differences between the three litter amendments. At the higher concentration (30 mg kg(-1)), MCPA endured longer in the soil, with only 31 % of the initial amount being removed at the end of the experiment in the absence of litter. Litter addition greatly increased the dissipation rate with 70 and 80 % of the herbicide being dissipated in the 10 and 20 g kg(-1) litter treatments, respectively. Signs of toxic effects of MCPA on soil bacteria were observed from related phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) analyses, while fungi showed higher tolerance to the increased MCPA levels. The abundance of bacterial tfdA genes in soil increased with the co-occurrence of litter and high MCPA concentration, indicating the importance of substrate availability in fostering MCPA-degrading bacteria and thereby improving the potential for removal of MCPA in the environment.

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“…MCPA and mecoprop are extensively used in varying land uses across Ireland. Based on MCPA's low sorption and relatively high water solubility, the herbicide is potentially mobile, especially in soils with low organic carbon contents (Fredslund et al 2008;Hiller et al 2006). MCPA is not attenuated in deeper soil layers which renders it a threat to groundwater quality (Sørensen et al 2006) should it reach that far.…”

Section: Frequency Of Pesticidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pesticide occurrence in groundwater and the physical characteristics in association with these detections in Ireland

McManus

Richards

Grant

et al. 2014

Environ Monit Assess

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This study explores the associations of pesticide occurrence in groundwater to geological characteristics of the monitoring points (MPs) contributing area. Pesticide analyses were undertaken during a 2-year groundwater monitoring campaign which generated 845 samples. MCPA and mecoprop were the most frequently detected pesticides in groundwater. Each MP (n = 158) had a specifically delineated zone of contribution (ZOC) and the dominant physical characteristics present from nine national datasets were recorded for each ZOC. Associations between detections in groundwater and the dominant physical characteristic in each MPs ZOC tested were then statistically analyzed using Fisher's exact test, logistic regression, and multiple logistic regression. The original physical characteristic datasets used that were associated with detections in groundwater were the type of MP, aquifer type, and Quaternary deposit type. Logistic regression revealed that springs, regionally important aquifer types, aquifers with a karstic flow regime, and alkaline Quaternary deposits in existence above karst aquifers in a MP's ZOC were more likely to have a pesticide detection in groundwater. Multiple regression from this exploratory work showed some mutual dependency between soil association, aquifer type, and the Geological Survey of Ireland groundwater vulnerability map. The combination of national monitoring data and physical attribute datasets can be used to explore key areas where groundwater is more vulnerable to pesticide contamination.

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Spatial Variation in 2‐Methyl‐4‐chlorophenoxyacetic Acid Mineralization and Sorption in a Sandy Soil at Field Level

Cited by 18 publications

References 53 publications

Fine scale spatial variability of microbial pesticide degradation in soil: scales, controlling factors, and implications

Fine scale spatial variability of microbial pesticide degradation in soil: scales, controlling factors, and implications

Evidence for the importance of litter as a co-substrate for MCPA dissipation in an agricultural soil

Pesticide occurrence in groundwater and the physical characteristics in association with these detections in Ireland

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