Spatial variability of particle associated trace elements in near-surface waters of the North Atlantic (30°N/60°W to 60°N/2°W), derived by large volume sampling

Kuss, Joachim; Kremling, Klaus

doi:10.1016/s0304-4203(99)00066-3

Cited by 89 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 44 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…4. Due to historical reason to express the Redfield ratio by normalizing C and N to P, previous trace-metal studies have expressed trace metal composition in marine plankton assemblages by normalizing trace metals to P (Collier and Edmond 1984;Kuss and Kremling 1999;Ho et al 2003). To compare with previous intracellular metal quotas reported, the fluxes or concentrations determined in the sinking particles were also presented by normalizing them to P (Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Consequently, identifying biogeochemical processes that regulate internal cycling of trace metals and quantifying their rates and fluxes in marine water columns are vital to establishing the roles they play as regulators and recorders of ocean processes (Anderson and Henderson 2005). Biogenic particles generated in oceanic surface water are one of the most important forcings regulating the internal cycling of trace metals in marine water columns (Turekian 1977;Whitfield and Turner 1987;Kuss and Kremling 1999). The particles interact with both dissolved and particulate bioactive trace metals through processes like active biological uptake or passive adsorption.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Trace metal cycling in the surface water of the South China Sea: Vertical fluxes, composition, and sources

Chou

Wei

et al. 2010

Limnology & Oceanography

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We deployed floating traps in the surface waters of the South China Sea on four occasions at depths of 30 m, 100 m, and 160 m from 2006 to 2007 to quantify vertical metal fluxes in the surface water and examine trace metal composition in the sinking particles to investigate their sources. The elements determined include 13 trace metals and 8 major elements. The fluxes for most of the bioactive elements at 30 m varied markedly during different seasons and strongly co-varied with organic matter production, but the fluxes at 160 m were low and consistent under different seasons, showing that most of the elements were internally recycled in the surface water during productive seasons. Most of the bioactive trace metals in sinking particles were correlated with biogenic P, and their P-normalized quotas were also strongly associated with lithogenic Al. The ratios of metals to Al and P for most of the bioactive trace metals were significantly higher than the ratios in lithogenic particles and than intracellular quotas in plankton, respectively, indicating that the trace metals in the sinking particles were abiogenic, nonlithogenic, and adsorbed on biogenic particles. The comparable fluxes between aeolian deposition and the sinking particles in the mixed layer demonstrate that the highly enriched trace metals in the sinking particles were attributed to input from anthropogenic aerosols. The coupling and transport of anthropogenic trace metals with biogenic particles in oceanic surface waters may be an important mechanism for trace metal cycling in global oceans.Trace metals serve important roles as regulators of ocean processes, including marine ecosystem dynamics and global carbon cycling (Henderson et al. 2007). Consequently, identifying biogeochemical processes that regulate internal cycling of trace metals and quantifying their rates and fluxes in marine water columns are vital to establishing the roles they play as regulators and recorders of ocean processes (Anderson and Henderson 2005). Biogenic particles generated in oceanic surface water are one of the most important forcings regulating the internal cycling of trace metals in marine water columns (Turekian 1977;Whitfield and Turner 1987;Kuss and Kremling 1999). The particles interact with both dissolved and particulate bioactive trace metals through processes like active biological uptake or passive adsorption. In particular, large biogenic particles, mostly composed of detritus and hard parts of sizable phytoplankton and zooplankton and fecal pallets of zooplankton, serve as the predominant components of sinking particles in oceanic surface waters (Bruland 1983;Fowler and Knauer 1986;Alldredge and Jackson 1995). These particles become dominant agents in transporting major and trace elements from oceanic surface waters to deep waters. In addition, particle fluxes regulate the concentrations and availability of trace metals in oceanic water columns. Thus, the elemental composition of marine plankton and sinking particles, and the fluxes of sinking partic...

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Trace metal cycling in the surface water of the South China Sea: Vertical fluxes, composition, and sources

Chou

Wei

et al. 2010

Limnology & Oceanography

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…12(A)-(C)). We assume that the observed distribution pattern can be related to the difference between the mineral assemblage coming from the volcanic basalts and gabbros of the islands (Kuss and Kremling, 1999) and from the potential Saharan sources (mainly clay minerals, calcite and quartz). This assumption is supported by the slight accordance between the determined Ti/Al ratios ranging from 0.1 to 0.25 in the surface samples islands with the average Ti/Al ratios of basalt and basaltic rocks of 0.1 and 0.18 (Table 1, Turekian and Wedepohl, 1961;Vinogradov, 1962).…”

Section: Iron and Titaniummentioning

confidence: 99%

Geochemical distribution patterns as indicators for productivity and terrigenous input off NW Africa

Plewa

Meggers

Kuhlmann

et al. 2012

Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

a b s t r a c tOne hundred and twenty-eight surface-sediment samples collected off North-West Africa were studied geochemically to detect the expressions of different meridional climate regimes and zonal productivity gradients in the surface sediments. This geochemical multi-tracer approach, coupled with additional information on the bulk carbonate and TOC contents makes it possible to characterise the sedimentological regime in detail. Typical terrigenous elements like Al, K and Fe mirror the importance of the humid (fluvial) influence in the north of the study area and the dominance of aeolian input in the south. Furthermore, the distributions of Ti and Fe in the surface sediments serve as tracers for the supply of eolian volcanic material from the Canary Islands. The spatial variability of the TOC contents in the surface sediments closely follows the ocean surface productivity patterns, whereas the CaCO 3 contents are mainly controlled by dilution with terrigenous matter. The potential productivity proxy Ba is not a reliable tracer for productivity in this region, since it is mainly supplied by terrigenous input (coupled with aluminosilicates).

show abstract

“…With the composition contrast between the biogenic and abiogenic particles, the tracemetal composition obtained from the SPM was prone to be strongly weighted by abiogenic particles. Even for the studies where biogenic particles were dominant in the SPM (Martin and Knauer 1973;Martin et al 1976;Kuss and Kremling 1999), the trace-metal concentrations were still easily and strongly influenced by abiogenic materials. Bruland et al (1991) compiled three earlier field studies and proposed an approximation for the metal composition in marine plankton assemblages, represented as P 1,000 Fe 5 Zn 2 (Cu, Mn, Ni, Cd) 0.4 .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bruland et al (1991) compiled three earlier field studies and proposed an approximation for the metal composition in marine plankton assemblages, represented as P 1,000 Fe 5 Zn 2 (Cu, Mn, Ni, Cd) 0.4 . Kuss and Kremling (1999), using a large-volume pumping sampling method, also proposed a stoichiometric-type metal composition from nine samples, expressed as P 1,000 Fe 5 (Zn, Mn) 2 Ni 1 Cd 0.5 Cu 0.4 Co 0.2 . Using a synchrotron-based Xray fluorescence method, Twining et al (2004) analyzed 268 flagellates and diatoms collected in the Southern Ocean and obtained the elemental ratios: P 1,000 Fe 1.8 Mn 0.26 Zn 5.4 Ni 0.61 .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The trace metal composition of size‐fractionated plankton in the South China Sea: Biotic versus abiotic sources

Wen

You

et al. 2007

Limnology & Oceanography

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We report the elemental composition (P, Si, Al, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, and Zn) in the size-fractionated plankton and suspended particulate matter (SPM) in the surface waters of the South China Sea. The sizefractionated plankton were effectively and gently separated by gravity through a novel trace-metal-clean filtration device, equipped with 150-, 60-, and 10-mm aperture nets in sequence to concentrate the plankton. P-normalized metal quotas in the largest fraction, mostly composed of copepods, were close to or slightly lower than the average metal quotas obtained from previous field studies. However, the total metal quotas in the two smaller fractions were 8-to 40-fold higher than the largest one, and they increased with decreasing sizes. The striking correlation between some essential metals and chlorophyll (Chl) in the SPM at the offshore site indicates that the majority of the metals were associated with algae. Nevertheless, the P-normalized metal quotas also showed positive correlations with abiogenic Al and Mn, indicating that most of the metals associated with phytoplankton were from extracellular inorganic particles. Preliminary evidence suggests that the extracellular metals were originally derived from anthropogenic aerosols, which contain abundant dissolvable trace metals. The metal quotas of the zooplankton assemblages have a fairly consistent value as compared to observations from other regions, but algae larger than 10 mm carry overwhelming amounts of extracellular metals even in offshore areas. The stoichiometry concept for trace-metal composition in marine plankton assemblages is unrealistic in the field.Particles, including both biogenic and abiogenic, play a vital role in controlling trace-metal distribution and cycling in the ocean (Turekian 1977;Whitfield and Turner 1987;Li 1991). In particular, the cycling of many biologically essential trace metals is driven and transformed by biogenic particles generated in the euphotic zones (Collier and Edmond 1984;Bruland et al. 1994). Biogenic particles in oceanic surface waters, mainly composed of diverse phytoplankton and zooplankton, interact with dissolved and particulate trace metals in ambient seawater through various processes, including active biological uptake, adsorption-desorption, zooplankton grazing and repackaging, particle aggregation, microbial decomposition, and so on. In terms of vertical cycling, large biogenic particles, mostly composed of sizable plankton, such as large diatom, zooplankton, and their hard parts and detritus (Alldredge and Silver 1988), serve as the predominant components of sinking particles and thus are principal agents in transporting both major and trace elements from oceanic surface waters to the deep waters (Bruland 1983;Fowler and Knauer 1986;Alldredge and Jackson 1995). The trace-metal composition in large-sized marine plankton assemblages may thus provide fundamental information for further studies and help models of the cycling processes of trace metals in marine water columns (e.g., Martin an...

show abstract

Spatial variability of particle associated trace elements in near-surface waters of the North Atlantic (30°N/60°W to 60°N/2°W), derived by large volume sampling

Cited by 89 publications

References 44 publications

Trace metal cycling in the surface water of the South China Sea: Vertical fluxes, composition, and sources

Trace metal cycling in the surface water of the South China Sea: Vertical fluxes, composition, and sources

Geochemical distribution patterns as indicators for productivity and terrigenous input off NW Africa

The trace metal composition of size‐fractionated plankton in the South China Sea: Biotic versus abiotic sources

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About