“…In the decades since its inception, LPI has been widely adopted as a predictive proxy for liquefaction damage potential and has been used worldwide in hazard mapping, urban planning, and the engineering design of infrastructure (e.g., [52,2,27,28,36,16,26,29,15,33]). However, in using LPI to assess liquefaction hazard in current practice, it is not always appreciated that the efficacy of LPI hazard assessment (and the Iwasaki criterion) is inherently linked to the LEP used within the LPI framework.…”