Spatial variability of fusarium head blight pathogens and associated mycotoxins in wheat crops

Oerke, E.-C.; Meier, A.; Dehne, H.-W.; Sulyok, Michael; Krska, Rudolf; Steiner, Ulrike

doi:10.1111/j.1365-3059.2010.02286.x

Cited by 55 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…The present investigation showed that F. avenaceum was the dominant species, which agrees with several other findings [25][26][27]. Similarly, a high occurrence of F. poae was detected in our research, which also supports the data in the literature [22,28]. Fusarium graminearum has been recognized as the most important pathogen because of its aggressiveness and pathogenicity as both a causal agent of Fusarium head blight and as a mycotoxin producer, which was frequently found in Poland, but was detected less often in our trials [29,30].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

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What influences the composition of fungi in wheat grains?

et al. 2017

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Wheat grains are inhabited by different fungi, including plant pathogens and fungi -mycotoxin producers. The composition of seed mycobiota can be influenced by different factors, including agronomic practices, but the results are still contradictory. The aim of this study was to evaluate the mycobiota of wheat grains depending on agroecological conditions. Wheat grains were obtained from a two-factorial field trial: A -tillage system (A1 -ploughing at a depth of 22-24 cm; A2 -harrowing at a depth of up to 10 cm); B -crop rotation (B1 -continuous wheat; B2 -oilseed rape and wheat; B3 -crop rotation). The mycobiota of grain were determined by mycological and molecular methods. The most abundant and widespread of the mycobiota were Pyrenophora tritici-repentis, Alternaria spp., Arthrinium spp., and Fusarium avenaceum. Higher amounts of precipitation increased the infection of grains with Fusarium fungi. Seven species of Fusarium were identified in the grain samples: F. avenaceum, F. poae, F. graminearum, F. culmorum, F. acuminatum, F. sporotrichioides, and F. tricinctum. The soil tillage method and crop rotation did not influence the total incidence of Fusarium spp., but the abundance of a particular species differed depending on agronomic practice. The research suggests that continuous wheat sowing under conditions of reduced soil tillage can increase the level of risk of grain infection with F. graminearum and, consequently, the accumulation of mycotoxins.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

“…Microdochium nivale/majus are described as important causal agents of wheat head blight throughout the world, especially in Europe [22]. It has been reported that these fungi have occurred in >90% of grain samples in Denmark over the years [23].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

What influences the composition of fungi in wheat grains?

et al. 2017

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“…This heterogeneity could be the result of local environmental conditions or dispersal limitations and calls for selecting a larger number of fields for comparing Fusarium communities over different regions. Here we did not account for within-field variation which can be important (Oerke et al, 2010), and could have contributed to the observed variation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Agricultural factors affecting Fusarium communities in wheat kernels

Karlsson

Friberg

Kolseth

et al. 2017

International Journal of Food Microbiology

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Fusarium head blight (FHB) is a devastating disease of cereals caused by Fusarium fungi. The disease is of great economic importance especially owing to reduced grain quality due to contamination by a range of mycotoxins produced by Fusarium. Disease control and prediction is difficult because of the many Fusarium species associated with FHB. Different species may respond differently to control methods and can have both competitive and synergistic interactions. Therefore, it is important to understand how agricultural practices affect Fusarium at the community level.Lower levels of Fusarium mycotoxin contamination of organically produced cereals compared with conventionally produced have been reported, but the causes of these differences are not well understood. The aim of our study was to investigate the effect of agricultural factors on Fusarium abundance and community composition in different cropping systems. Winter wheat kernels were collected from 18 organically and conventionally cultivated fields in Sweden, paired based on their geographical distance and the wheat cultivar grown. We characterised the Fusarium community in harvested wheat kernels using 454 sequencing of translation elongation factor 1-a amplicons. In addition, we quantified Fusarium spp. using real-time PCR to reveal differences in biomass between fields.We identified 12 Fusarium operational taxonomic units (OTUs) with a median of 4.5 OTUs per field. Fusarium graminearum was the most abundant species, while F. avenaceum had the highest occurrence. The abundance of Fusarium spp. ranged two orders of magnitude between fields. Two pairs of Fusarium species co-occurred between fields: F. poae with F. tricinctum and F. culmorum with F. sporotrichoides. We could not detect any difference in Fusarium communities between the organic and conventional systems. However, agricultural intensity, measured as the number of pesticide applications and the amount of nitrogen fertiliser applied, had an impact on Fusarium communities, specifically increasing the abundance of F. tricinctum. There were geographical differences in the Fusarium community composition where F. graminearum was more abundant in the western part of Sweden. The application of amplicon sequencing provided a comprehensive view of the Fusarium community in cereals. This gives us better opportunities to understand the ecology of Fusarium spp., which is important in order to limit FHB and mycotoxin contamination in cereals.

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“…In Europe, Fusarium avenaceum, F. culmorum, F. graminearum, and F. poae are the most prevalent species of the FHB complex (Bottalico and Perrone 2002;Xu et al 2008a). Throughout Europe, the relative frequencies level in any given season (Oerke et al 2010), temporally at the local (or regional) level (Isebaert et al 2009), and spatially at the continental scale (Xu et al 2008a). Also, longer term changes in species abundances of the FHB complex may be occurring.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Community structure of the Fusarium complex on wheat seed in Italy

Infantino

Santori

Shah³

2011

Eur J Plant Pathol

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The objective was to quantitatively document the pathogen community associated with the Fusarium head blight complex in Italian wheat. The observational study was prompted by increased concerns about mycotoxin contamination coupled with a surge in organically grown wheat. During the three-year survey (2004 to 2006) in three geopolitically defined zones (north, centre, south), seedborne pathogens associated with Fusarium head blight in organic bread and durum wheat were assayed by the freezing blotter method and identified to species based on morphological features. The four most abundant species overall, in order from highest to lowest, were Fusarium poae, Microdochium nivale, F. verticillioides and F. graminearum. Environment was more influential than wheat cultivar in determining the variances in seed infestation counts. Counts of infested seeds were higher (and more variable) in the north and centre zones than in the south zone. The odds of observing any seed infestation was significantly higher in both the north and centre zones (compared with the south zone) for F. avenaceum, F. graminearum, F. poae, and M. nivale in durum wheat. There was a significant nonlinear relationship between seed infestation prevalence and incidence, with evident separation of species along the prevalence-incidence curve. Species co occurrence was observed, but associations shifted with wheat type, over years, and among zones. F. poae was not positively associated with any other species.

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Spatial variability of fusarium head blight pathogens and associated mycotoxins in wheat crops

Cited by 55 publications

References 40 publications

What influences the composition of fungi in wheat grains?

What influences the composition of fungi in wheat grains?

Agricultural factors affecting Fusarium communities in wheat kernels

Community structure of the Fusarium complex on wheat seed in Italy

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