“…There are alternative approaches to the MARS algorithm that allow spatial heterogeneity in spatial econometric models, such as the mixture model (Cornwall & Parent, 2017), quantile regression (Seya et al, 2020), functional‐coefficient models (Koroglu & Sun, 2016), the penalized spline combined with spatial error model (Łaszkiewicz et al, 2022), and SAR‐(M)GWR (Geniaux & Martinetti, 2018). Each of these approaches has its own strengths and weaknesses, and the choice of method will depend on the specific research question and the characteristics of the data.…”