Spatial-temporal evolution and driving factors of water yield in three major drainage basins of Hainan Island based on land use change

Abstract

Tropical rainforests in the central hilly section of Hainan Island are the source of the Nandu, Changhua, and Wanquan rivers, which are crucial for water conservation and ecological protection. The quantitative assessment of water yield in the three basins is beneficial for developing regional water resource protection plans, establishing ecological compensation mechanisms, and maintaining ecological balance. Based on land use data from five periods between 1980 and 2020, this paper adopts the InVEST model and geographic detectors to investigate the spatial-temporal variation characteristics and driving factors of water yield in three major basins of Hainan Island. The results demonstrate that forestland, which makes up more than 70% of the total area in the three basins of Hainan Island, is the predominant land use type. With a depth of 1269.18 mm, Wanquan Basin is the deepest of the three basins, followed by Nandu Basin and Changhua Basin. The total water yield of three basins shows a slightly decreasing trend from 17.991 billion m3 in 1980 to 17.864 billion m3 in 2020. The spatial distribution of water yield is high in the southeast region and low in the northwest region, with strong autocorrelation and significant aggregation. According to geographic detection, land use type is the dominant factor for the spatial differentiation of water yield in the three basins, with a contribution rate of 0.563, and soil type and annual precipitation are important impact factors. The interaction and synergy of soil types and land use types jointly affect the spatial differentiation of water yield in the basin. The results of this study can provide data support and scientific references for biodiversity conservation and ecosystem restoration in the three major basins of Hainan Island.

The comprehensive effects of future multi‐scenario land use change and climate change on water conservation in Northwest China

“…The water conservation of Northwest China is calculated in this study utilizing the InVEST model's water production module (Liu et al, 2023). The disparity between the actual evapotranspiration and the precipitation on the grid generates the water production on each grid, according to the estimation method of water balance (Lei et al, 2023;Yang et al, 2019):…”

Spatiotemporal Evolution Characteristics and Driving Factors of Water Conservation Service in Jiangxi Province from 2001 to 2020

“…The water yield module of the InVEST model is based on the Budyko hydrothermal coupling principle [37], and it is calculated in terms of raster cells. The annual water yield for each grid cell is the difference between the annual precipitation and actual annual evapotranspiration of each grid cell [18]. The specific calculation method is as follows:…”

“…Water conservation functions were originally discussed in terms of forest hydrology [15,16], and many studies have been conducted in various countries to assess water conservation functions at different regional scales [17][18][19], as well as in different ecosystems [9,20] and land-use types [11,21]. Traditional assessment methods focus on integrated water storage [22], water balance [23], and soil water storage [24].…”

“…Thus, the combination of the two provides an effective quantitative approach to efficiently analyze the combined response of multiple drivers and the spatial differentiation of their effects on changes in water conservation services. For example, Lei et al [18] studied the spatiotemporal characteristics and drivers of water yield in three major watersheds on Hainan Island and found that land-use type was the dominant factor in the spatial differentiation of water yield using GD. Qiao et al [46] performed a quantitative assessment of water conservation in Heilongjiang Province, analyzed the dominant influencing factors on the spatial differentiation characteristics of the observed changes over the last two decades using GD and GWR, and captured the spatial differentiation of driving factors.…”

Study on the Spatial–Temporal Variations and Driving Factors of Water Yield in the Yiluo River Basin

“…In addition, the WY module was used by Chinese scholars to evaluate WY and its ST patterns in different regions scientifically. These regions included the Loess Plateau [18], Hainan Island [19], Xiangjiang River Basin [20], Shaanxi Province [21], Yellow River Basin [22,23], Ebinur Lake Basin [24], and Hengduan Mountains [25]. These studies have yielded positive results in their applications.…”