Spatial-temporal characteristics of the air quality in the Guangdong−Hong Kong−Macau Greater Bay Area of China during 2015–2017

Fang, Xingqin; Fan, Qingxia; Liao, Zhiheng; Xie, Jielan; Xu, Xiaocong; Fan, Saijun

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2019.04.037

Cited by 47 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…The air quality score of Guangzhou has ranked bottom among PRD cities for several months before September 2016 and only improved gradually until the latter half of 2017; although the air quality score of Dongguan has been among the top tier in the PRD region since October 2017, its level in the first half of the study period is not so optimistic; while the overall air quality score of Foshan and Zhaoqing has not been ideal. The main reason for this is: as the provincial capital and a megacity, Guangzhou has always been high on industrial waste gas emissions and the number of mobile pollution sources such as motor vehicles [65], which has taken a toll its air quality, while the poor air quality of Dongguan, Foshan and Zhaoqing has something to do with their geographical location; these three cities are located in the hinterland of the PRD, so they are not only affected by the pollutants from the northern part of China but also susceptible to pollution transmitted from other cities [66,67]. Faced with such a serious situation, these four cities have taken active measures to improve their air quality.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the Air Quality and the Effect of Governance Policies in China’s Pearl River Delta, 2015–2018

Gao

Yang

et al. 2019

Atmosphere

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The evaluation of China’s air pollution and the effectiveness of its governance policies is currently a topic of general concern in the academic community. We have improved the traditional evaluation method to construct a comprehensive air quality assessment model based on China’s major air pollutants. Using the daily air pollutant data of 2015–2018, we calculated and analyzed the monthly air quality of nine cities in the Pearl River Delta of China, and conducted a comparative study on the effect of the air pollution control policies of the cities in the Pearl River Delta. We found that the air quality control policies in those nine cities were not consistent. Specifically, the pollution control policies of Guangzhou and Foshan have achieved more than 20% improvement. The pollution control policies of Dongguan and Zhaoqing have also achieved more than 10% improvement. However, due to the relative lag of the formulation and implementation of air pollution control policies, the air quality of Jiangmen, Zhuhai and Zhongshan has declined. Based on the analysis of the air quality assessment results and the effects of governance policies in each city during the study period, we propose suggestions for further improvement of the effectiveness of air pollution control policies in the region.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the Air Quality and the Effect of Governance Policies in China’s Pearl River Delta, 2015–2018

Gao

Yang

et al. 2019

Atmosphere

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“…Fang et al., (2019) found that air quality in the Guangdong‐Hong Kong‐Macau Greater Bay Area (GBA) over 2015–2017 was worst in Foshan, Guangzhou, and Dongguan, likely due to both large local emissions and accumulation of secondary pollution. Ambient PM 2.5 concentrations were lower in cities near the Pearl River estuary, such as Hong Kong and Shenzhen, likely due to more effective dilution by the cleaner surrounding marine air (Fang et al., 2019). Industrial emissions dominated the contribution to ambient PM 2.5 concentrations in the PRD in 2010 (Reddington et al., 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…X. Jiang et al., (2015) found that ambient PM 2.5 concentrations across the PRD in 2017 were 20% primary (organic and black carbon), 45% secondary (sulfate, nitrate, and ammonium), with 35% from other components. Fang et al., (2019) found that air quality in the Guangdong‐Hong Kong‐Macau Greater Bay Area (GBA) over 2015–2017 was worst in Foshan, Guangzhou, and Dongguan, likely due to both large local emissions and accumulation of secondary pollution. Ambient PM 2.5 concentrations were lower in cities near the Pearl River estuary, such as Hong Kong and Shenzhen, likely due to more effective dilution by the cleaner surrounding marine air (Fang et al., 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regional Policies Targeting Residential Solid Fuel and Agricultural Emissions Can Improve Air Quality and Public Health in the Greater Bay Area and Across China

et al. 2021

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Air pollution exposure is a leading public health problem in China. The majority of the total air pollution disease burden is from fine particulate matter (PM2.5) exposure, with smaller contributions from ozone (O3) exposure. Recent emission reductions have reduced PM2.5 exposure. However, levels of exposure and the associated risk remain high, some pollutant emissions have increased, and some sectors lack effective emission control measures. We quantified the potential impacts of relevant policy scenarios on ambient air quality and public health across China. We show that PM2.5 exposure inside the Greater Bay Area (GBA) is strongly controlled by emissions outside the GBA. We find that reductions in residential solid fuel use and agricultural fertilizer emissions result in the greatest reductions in PM2.5 exposure and the largest health benefits. A 50% transition from residential solid fuel use to liquefied petroleum gas outside the GBA reduced PM2.5 exposure by 15% in China and 3% within the GBA, and avoided 191,400 premature deaths each year across China. Reducing agricultural fertilizer emissions of ammonia by 30% outside the GBA reduced PM2.5 exposure by 4% in China and 3% in the GBA, avoiding 56,500 annual premature deaths across China. Our simulations suggest that reducing residential solid fuel or industrial emissions will reduce both PM2.5 and O3 exposure, whereas other policies may increase O3 exposure. Improving particulate air quality inside the GBA will require consideration of residential solid fuel and agricultural sectors, which currently lack targeted policies, and regional cooperation both inside and outside the GBA.

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“…The Pearl River Delta (PRD) region is one of the three major economic zones in China, located in the south coast of mainland China. With the rapid development of urbanization and industrialization, the atmospheric pollution problem caused by fine particles and ozone pollution has been highlighted (Zhang et al, 2008;Fang et al, 2019;Wu et al, 2019). Taking Guangzhou (see Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Modulation of Meteorological Parameters on Surface PM2.5 and O3 Concentrations in Guangzhou, China

Bu¹,

Hong²,

Haobo³

et al. 2021

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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PM2.5 and ozone (O3) are two major pollutants that are worsening air quality in China. Using Guangzhou as a case study, we analyzed the meteorological data and air quality data for 2014-2016 obtained by 4 weather stations and 10 environmental monitoring stations, respectively, and assessed the influence of significant meteorological parameters on the hourly PM2.5 concentration and the daily maximum 8-hour-averaged (MDA8) O3 concentration. Calculating each factor's critical values for these concentrations, we found that the hourly PM2.5 concentration tended to increase when the relative humidity was > 50%, the hourly rainfall intensity was ≤ 0.6 mm hour -1 , or the wind speed was ≤ 1.8 m s -1 but otherwise decreased, whereas the MDA8 O3 concentration tended to increase when the sunshine duration was > 4 hours, the maximum temperature was > 29°C, or the average daily wind speed was ≤ 1.8 m s -1 but otherwise decreased. The wind direction was also a crucial factor, as Guangzhou typically experienced severe air pollution when westerlies prevailed. Applying the critical values of these various meteorological parameters as indicators of air quality, we discovered that the least favorable weather conditions during the study period occurred in 2014. These results further our understanding of the relationship between weather conditions and pollutant concentrations. Following the novel approach proposed in this study, meteorological parameters can be utilized to forecast the air quality or compare the effects of weather on pollution between different years.

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Spatial-temporal characteristics of the air quality in the Guangdong−Hong Kong−Macau Greater Bay Area of China during 2015–2017

Cited by 47 publications

References 32 publications

Analysis of the Air Quality and the Effect of Governance Policies in China’s Pearl River Delta, 2015–2018

Analysis of the Air Quality and the Effect of Governance Policies in China’s Pearl River Delta, 2015–2018

Regional Policies Targeting Residential Solid Fuel and Agricultural Emissions Can Improve Air Quality and Public Health in the Greater Bay Area and Across China

The Modulation of Meteorological Parameters on Surface PM2.5 and O3 Concentrations in Guangzhou, China

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