Spatial Structure Mitigates Fitness Costs in Host-Parasite Coevolution

Ashby, Ben; Gupta, Sunetra; Buckling, Angus

doi:10.1086/674826

Cited by 30 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…We define the ‘range’ of a genotype to be the proportion of loci that have resistance or infectivity alleles (Ashby et al . ,b). For example, a genotype represented by the binary string 00101 has a range of 2/5 and a genotype represented by the string 11101 has a range of 4/5.…”

Section: Methods and Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi‐mode fluctuating selection in host–parasite coevolution

Ashby

Boots

2017

Ecology Letters

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Understanding fluctuating selection is important for our understanding of patterns of spatial and temporal diversity in nature. Host-parasite theory has classically assumed fluctuations either occur between highly specific genotypes (matching allele: MA) or from specialism to generalism (gene-for-gene: GFG). However, while MA can only generate one mode of fluctuating selection, we show that GFG can in fact produce both rapid 'within-range' fluctuations (among genotypes with identical levels of investment but which specialise on different subsets of the population) and slower cycling 'between ranges' (different levels of investment), emphasising that MA is a subset of GFG. Our findings closely match empirical observations, although sampling rates need to be high to detect these novel dynamics empirically. Within-range cycling is an overlooked process by which fluctuating selection can occur in nature, suggesting that fluctuating selection may be a more common and important process than previously thought in generating and maintaining diversity.

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Section: Methods and Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi‐mode fluctuating selection in host–parasite coevolution

Ashby

Boots

2017

Ecology Letters

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“…Still, a greater advantage for sex should not be taken for granted, as the effects of spatial structure on coevolutionary dynamics are often complex (e.g. Gomez et al, 2015) and can strongly influence epidemiological feedbacks (Best et al, 2011;Ashby et al, 2014b). Another complexity of real systems relates to the precise nature of host-parasite specificity, including dominance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity and the maintenance of sex by parasites

Ashby

King

2015

J of Evolutionary Biology

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The Red Queen hypothesis (RQH) predicts that parasite-mediated selection will maintain sexual individuals in the face of competition from asexual lineages. The prediction is that sexual individuals will be difficult targets for coevolving parasites if they give rise to more genetically diverse offspring than asexual lineages. However, increasing host genetic diversity is known to suppress parasite spread, which could provide a short-term advantage to clonal lineages and lead to the extinction of sex. We test these ideas using a stochastic individual-based model. We find that if parasites are readily transmissible, then sex is most likely to be maintained when host diversity is high, in agreement with the RQH. If transmission rates are lower, however, we find that sexual populations are most likely to persist for intermediate levels of diversity. Our findings thus highlight the importance of genetic diversity and its impact on epidemiological dynamics for the maintenance of sex by parasites.

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“…In the other experiment we used the co-evolution on solid medium that was supposed to provide some spatial complexity that may influence the evolution rates and trajectories (Morgan et al 2005;Kerr et al 2006;Vos et al 2009;Roychoudhury et al 2013;Ashby et al 2014;Hesse et al 2015;Möbius et al 2015). The material from 60 G7C plaques grown on the E. coli 4s lawn was transferred to the LB plate and the growth of the cultures (metastable phagebacteria associations) was observed.…”

Section: Genetic Alterations Of Phage G7c Genome During In Vitro Coevmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phages associated with horses provide new insights into the dominance of lateral gene transfer in virulent bacteriophages evolution in natural systems

Babenko

Golomidova

Иванов

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Tailed bacteriophages (Caudovirales order) are omnipresent on our planet. Their impressive ecological and evolutionary success largely relies on the bacteriophage potential to adapt to great variety of the environmental conditions found in the Biosphere. It is believed that the adaptation of bacteriophages, including short time scale adaptation, is achieved almost exclusively via the (micro)evolution processes. In order to analyze the major mechanisms driving adaptation of phage genomes in a natural habitat we used comparative genomics of G7C-like coliphage isolates obtained during 7 years period from the feces of the horses belonging to a local population. The data suggest that even at this relatively short time scale the impact of various recombination events overwhelms the impact of the accumulation of point mutations. The access to the large pool of the genes of a complex microbial and viral community of the animal gut had major effect on the evolutionary trajectories of these phages. Thus the "real world" bacteriophage evolution mechanisms may differ significantly from those observed in the simplified laboratory model systems.

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Spatial Structure Mitigates Fitness Costs in Host-Parasite Coevolution

Cited by 30 publications

References 72 publications

Multi‐mode fluctuating selection in host–parasite coevolution

Multi‐mode fluctuating selection in host–parasite coevolution

Diversity and the maintenance of sex by parasites

Phages associated with horses provide new insights into the dominance of lateral gene transfer in virulent bacteriophages evolution in natural systems

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