Spatial Scaling in Ecology

Wiens, John A.

doi:10.2307/2389612

Cited by 4,014 publications

(3,242 citation statements)

References 84 publications

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“…The hierarchical approach presented here can be considered as 'middle out', in contrast to the conventional 'top-down' or 'bottom-up' approaches that tend to be polarised either towards reductionism or holism (Wu and Loucks, 1995). Clearly, though there is no single correct scale or level for observations and ultimately, the appropriate scales will depend on the questions asked, the organisms studied and the time period considered (Wiens, 1989). Studies conducted over several scales, however, will integrate scale-dependent relationships into a more ecologically meaningful investigation of animal-habitat relationships.…”

Section: Spatial Hierarchymentioning

confidence: 99%

Movements of Marine Fish and Decapod Crustaceans: Process, Theory and Application

Pittman

McAlpine

2003

Advances in Marine Biology

219

178

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Section: Spatial Hierarchymentioning

confidence: 99%

Movements of Marine Fish and Decapod Crustaceans: Process, Theory and Application

Pittman

McAlpine

2003

Advances in Marine Biology

219

178

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“…Hierarchical embeddedness, to be conceived as a function of scale, enables researchers to identify discontinuities that mark the systemic boundaries between conceptual wholes in a (discrete) hierarchy. The scale of interest demarcates a subset of the continuous function, thus sometimes also referred to as the domain of scale (Wiens, 1989). This scale (domain) can be expressed mathematically by applying the concept of a filter, as the “period of time or space over which signals are integrated […] to give message” (Allen & Starr, 1982, p. 18).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urban green valuation integrating biophysical and qualitative aspects

Lang

2017

European Journal of Remote Sensing

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Urban green mapping has become an operational task in city planning, urban land management, and quality of life assessments. As a multi-dimensional, integrative concept, urban green comprising several ecological, socio-economic, and policy-related aspects. In this paper, the author advances the representation of urban green by deriving scale-adapted, policy-relevant units. These so-called geons represent areas of uniform green valuation under certain size and homogeneity constraints in a spatially explicit representation. The study accompanies a regular monitoring scheme carried out by the urban municipality of the city of Salzburg, Austria, using optical satellite data. It was conducted in two stages, namely SBG_QB (10.2 km², QuickBird data from 2005) and SBG_WV (140 km², WorldView-2 data from 2010), within the functional urban area of Salzburg. The geon delineation was validated by several quantitative measures and spatial analysis techniques, as well as ground documentation, including panorama photographs and visual interpretation. The spatial association pattern was assessed by calculating Global Moran’s I with incremental search distances. The final geonscape, consisting of 1083 units with an average size of 13.5 ha, was analyzed by spatial metrics. Finally, categories were derived for different types of functional geons. Future research paths and improvements to the described strategy are outlined.

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“…These topographically induced behavioural differences are likely to affect the quantity and quality of pup provisioning by mothers and influence individual pupping site selection. Less costly sites are likely to be colonised preferentially and by larger, older and more dominant females, potentially generating fine scale spatial heterogeneity in female quality within the breeding colony.Whilst it may be obvious that topography is likely to impact significantly on an individual animal's behaviour (Stamps 1995) topography is quantified at a spatial grain relevant to the behaviours being studied, that is, at a resolution whereby topographic features will actually impact upon individuals' decision making processes (Forman & Gordon 1986;Turner et al 1989;Wiens 1989). Very few studies have achieved both these aims (e.g.…”

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confidence: 99%

Finescale topographical correlates of behavioural investment in offspring by female grey seals, Halichoerus grypus

Twiss¹,

Caudron

Pomeroy

et al. 2000

Animal Behaviour

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(2000) 'Finescale topographical correlates of behavioural investment in o spring by female grey seals, Halichoerus grypus.', Animal behaviour., 59 (2). pp. 327-338. Further information on publisher's website:http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/anbe.1999.1320 Publisher's copyright statement: This is the author's version of a work that was accepted for publication in Animal Behaviour. Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, editing, corrections, structural formatting, and other quality control mechanisms may not be re ected in this document. Changes may have been made to this work since it was submitted for publication. A de nitive version was subsequently published in Animal Behaviour, 2000Behaviour, , 59, 2, 327 338, doi: 10.1006Behaviour, /anbe.1999Behaviour, .1320 Additional information: Use policyThe full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-pro t purposes provided that:• a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in DRO • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders.Please consult the full DRO policy for further details. ABSTRACTGrey seals breed colonially on substrates ranging from ice to rocky or sandy beaches. Clear differences in seal behaviour patterns exist among such broad classes of breeding habitat.However, finer scale topographic variation is likely to influence individual behaviour with consequences for pupping success. We examine topographic influences on breeding female grey seal behaviour by quantifying topography at a sub-seal size resolution. Using sub-metre resolution Digital Terrain Models of two sites within a rocky breeding colony we compare site topography in relation to observed differences in female behaviour at these sites. Females at both sites showed a preference for breeding close to water (standing pools or sea) and frequently commuted between their pups and water. Topographic models indicated that one site was more costly for seals in terms of their locations and movements within the site. This was due to a lack of low elevation land adjacent to the main access points from the sea and the reduced availability of pools. Females at this site showed reduced pup attendance and an increase in energetically costly behaviours, whilst females at the lower cost site spent more time interacting with their pups and resting. These topographically induced behavioural differences are likely to affect the quantity and quality of pup provisioning by mothers and influence individual pupping site selection. Less costly sites are likely to be colonised preferentially and by larger, older and more dominant females, potentially generating fine scale spatial heterogeneity in female quality within the breeding colony.Whilst it may be obvious that topography is likely to...

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Spatial Scaling in Ecology

Cited by 4,014 publications

References 84 publications

Movements of Marine Fish and Decapod Crustaceans: Process, Theory and Application

Movements of Marine Fish and Decapod Crustaceans: Process, Theory and Application

Urban green valuation integrating biophysical and qualitative aspects

Finescale topographical correlates of behavioural investment in offspring by female grey seals, Halichoerus grypus

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