Spatial resolution of a chemiluminescence sensor for local heat-release rate and equivalence ratio measurements in a model gas turbine combustor

Hardalupas, Y.; Panoutsos, Christos; Taylor, A. M. K. P.

doi:10.1007/s00348-010-0915-z

Cited by 76 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…The counterflow burner used for this work is shown in Figure. 1 5,6,19,32 . It consisted of two identical, vertically opposed contracting nozzles with inner diameter of 30 mm, separated by a distance of 30 mm (H=30mm).…”

Section: Experimental Apparatus a Counterflow Burnermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The spatially and temporally resolved detection system is a MICRO (Multi-colour Integrated Cassegrain Receiving Optics) system 33,34 , modified in previous studies 5,6 . The Cassegrain-based optical Sensor (CS) with the working distance of 300 mm had a primary and a secondary mirror of 150 and 50 mm diameters respectively, see Figure. 2.…”

Section: Spatially and Time Resolved Detection Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Cassegrain-based optical Sensor (CS) with the working distance of 300 mm had a primary and a secondary mirror of 150 and 50 mm diameters respectively, see Figure. 2. This ensured a probe volume of the sensor with nominal diameter of 200 µm and length of 1.6 mm 6 . There are two main advantages of the CS over the line of sight: one is avoiding chromatic aberrations for different wavelengths 33 , another is reducing the contribution of flame emissions from outside the probe volume 6,33 .…”

Section: Spatially and Time Resolved Detection Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This ensured a probe volume of the sensor with nominal diameter of 200 µm and length of 1.6 mm 6 . There are two main advantages of the CS over the line of sight: one is avoiding chromatic aberrations for different wavelengths 33 , another is reducing the contribution of flame emissions from outside the probe volume 6,33 . The collected light from the CS was focused onto a pinhole placed in front of a UV-grade optical fibre (Thorlabs lnc, FT1500UMT), whose core diameter is 1500 µm and Numerical Aperture (NA) is 0.39.…”

Section: Spatially and Time Resolved Detection Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Experimental and Numerical Study of Chemiluminescence Characteristics in Premixed Counterflow Flames of Methane based Fuel blends

Liu

Vourliotakis

Hardalupas

et al. 2017

55th AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting

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Non-intrusive chemiluminescence measurements have been used as heat release rate and equivalence ratio indicators for gas turbine combustor active control. In the present study, measurements and modelling of OH * , CH(A) * , C 2 * , and CO 2 * chemiluminescence are used to examine chemiluminescence sensing of heat release rate and equivalence ratio in premixed counterflow methane -air flames with equivalence ratio from 0.6 to 1.3 and strain rate from 80 to 400 s -1 . Two spectrally resolved detecting optical systems were used to detect spatially-averaged (global) and spatially resolved (local) chemiluminescence characteristics in the reaction zone. A recently published reaction mechanism 1 for the chemiluminescence of the OH * , CH * , and C 2 * species is incorporated to GRI-Mech 3.0. The augmented mechanism is further validated against the experimental results of the present study and is used to predict the chemiluminescence characteristics of premixed counterflow methane -air flames. !(!) = detected signal ! = wavelength H = distance between two opposed jets V 0 = flow bulk velocity at jet exit

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Section: Experimental Apparatus a Counterflow Burnermentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Spatially and Time Resolved Detection Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Spatially and Time Resolved Detection Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Spatially and Time Resolved Detection Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Experimental and Numerical Study of Chemiluminescence Characteristics in Premixed Counterflow Flames of Methane based Fuel blends

Liu

Vourliotakis

Hardalupas

et al. 2017

55th AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting

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“…Chemiluminescence of flame have been studied for more than one century, and the first approach of measurement by designing a collection system to detect relatively small volume was demonstrated in 1991 [5] . Cassegrain telescope optics subsequently have been utilized for non-intrusive measurement [6,7] . Multiple dimension measurement could be accomplished by rapid scanning the focusing plane if the target flame is steady.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Computed tomography measurement of 3D combustion chemiluminescence using single camera

Wang¹,

Li²,

Zeng³

et al. 2016

Optical Measurement Technology and Instrumentation

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Instantaneous measurement of flame spatial structure has been long desired for complicated combustion condition (gas turbine, ramjet et.). Three dimensional computed tomography of chemiluminescence (3D-CTC) is a potential testing technology for its simplicity, low cost, high temporal and spatial resolution. In most former studies, multi-lens and multi-CCD are used to capture projects from different view angles. In order to improve adaptability, only one CCD was utilized to build 3D-CTC system combined with customized fiber-based endoscopes (FBEs). It makes this technique more economic and simple. Validate experiments were made using 10 small CH4 diffusion flame arranging in a ring structure. Based on one instantaneous image, computed tomography can be conducted using Algebraic Reconstruction Technique (ART) algorithm. The reconstructed results, including the flame number, ring shape of the flames, the inner and outer diameter of ring, all well match the physical structure. It indicates that 3D combustion chemiluminescence could be well reconstructed using single camera. Three dimensional computed tomography of chemiluminescence (3D-CTC), radicals, reconstruction, AlgebraicReconstruction Technique (ART) 1.IntroductionChemiluminescence of flame are the emitted photons caused by the transition of excited-states radicals to ground-states. It is recognized as an important indictor in combustion diagnostics and control [1][2][3] . Compared with laser diagnostics, 3D-CTC is substantially simpler and easier to implement, also can provide information about key combustion quantities (e.g., heat release rate, local equivalence ratio) [4] , making it attractive for applications in harsh industrial environments. Chemiluminescence of flame have been studied for more than one century, and the first approach of measurement by designing a collection system to detect relatively small volume was demonstrated in 1991 [5] . Cassegrain telescope optics subsequently have been utilized for non-intrusive measurement [6,7] . Multiple dimension measurement could be accomplished by rapid scanning the focusing plane if the target flame is steady. This method can not resolve the temporal dynamics of the combustion processes. The second approach for multiple dimension measurement is 3D-CTC technique combining chemiluminescence with tomography to obtain spatially-resolved measurements, which can provide more directly and critical structural information. Nonetheless, high spatial resolution and rapid temporal resolution measurement is a tremendous challenge for 3D-CTC technique due to the limits of optical access and hardware. In recent years, 3D-CTC have been widely studied due to the great improvements of capabilities of optical sensing and computing technologies. Based on different imaging system, 3D-CTC can be divided into three categories [3] . The first category obtains the image projection by custom-made lens and film [8] , the second method based on lens and CCD cameras [4,9,10] , and the third method combined fiber-based endosc...

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Chemical kinetic analysis on influence of hydrogen enrichment on the combustion characteristics of ammonia air using newly proposed reaction model

Singh

Dash

Reddy

2021

Intl J of Energy Research

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Summary In recent years, ammonia has shown great potential for future green fuel. However, ammonia combustion is a challenging task due to its narrow flammability limit, low flame speed, and slow kinetics compared with conventional hydrocarbon fuels. The blending of ammonia with higher reactive fuel such as hydrogen seems a novel alternative to overcome these difficulties. So, a comprehensive study of NH3/H2/air combustion characteristics is necessary. In the literature, numerous ammonia reaction models can be found, but most of them failed to demonstrate good combustion characteristics with NH3/H2/air mixtures. A new NH3/H2/air reaction model is suggested or proposed in the present work by referring to the previously available literature. The newly proposed reaction model consists of 32 species and 259 reactions. Model validation for laminar flame speed and ignition delay time at different operating conditions are performed in this study using the newly proposed reaction mechanism. Also, an extensive chemical kinetic modeling for heat release rate, flame speed and OH sensitivity analysis, reaction pathway analysis, and NOx emission characteristics of NH3/H2/air mixture is studied. The results show that the proposed reaction model closely follows the experimental trends, and lesser inconsistency is observed than the other reaction models compared in this study. All referenced reaction models used in the present work for comparison shows large discrepancies with experimental results of NH3/H2/air combustion, especially more discrepancies are observed at higher hydrogen enrichment conditions. Hydrogen enrichment positively affects the heat release rate intensity and flame speed of NH3/air mixture. Through the addition of hydrogen, the burning velocity of ammonia can be increased up to the level of hydrocarbon fuels, and the combination of ammonia and hydrogen blend can be used as an effective industrial fuel.

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Spatial resolution of a chemiluminescence sensor for local heat-release rate and equivalence ratio measurements in a model gas turbine combustor

Cited by 76 publications

References 63 publications

Experimental and Numerical Study of Chemiluminescence Characteristics in Premixed Counterflow Flames of Methane based Fuel blends

Experimental and Numerical Study of Chemiluminescence Characteristics in Premixed Counterflow Flames of Methane based Fuel blends

Computed tomography measurement of 3D combustion chemiluminescence using single camera

Chemical kinetic analysis on influence of hydrogen enrichment on the combustion characteristics of ammonia air using newly proposed reaction model

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